ABACUS – SQUARE ROOT
I. GENERAL RULES :
a) Consider the number 25. 25 can be written as 5x5. Here 5 and 5 are known
as factors. Similarly 2, 12 are factors of 24 as 24=2×12. 3 and 8 are also
factors of 24 as 3×8=24. What is the speciality of the first set? THE FACTORS
ARE EQUAL. ONE OF THE EQUAL FACTORS OF THE NUMBER IS KNOWN AS THE
SQUARE ROOT OF THAT NUMBER. Since the number 25 has two equal factors 5
and 5, the number 5 is called the square root of the number 25. 25 is known
as the SQUARE of the number 5.b) Square roots for numbers can be found with the help of abacus. Suppose you
are expected to find the square root of the number 2456. Leave the first
three columns in the right extreme of the abacus and set the number from the
fourth column. That is, you have to set the number 6 in the fourth column,
5 in the fifth column, 4 in the sixth column and 2 in the seventh column from
right.
c) If the square root does not have decimal values, the square of that number
(square root) is termed as PERFECT SQUARE. 4,9,16,25,36,49,64 etc., are
some of the perfect squares.d) For setting the square root of the number in the abacus, the rules followed in
setting the quotient in a division problem are applicable. The square root
value should be set in the left side of the given number.e) For finding the square root, the digits of the given number should be considered
in groups. For example, in the problem 3465, the groups must be 34 and 65.