Organic Chemistry

(Dana P.) #1

1038 CHAPTER 25 The Organic Mechanisms of the Coenzymes • Metabolism


Figure 25.3
The citric acid cycle (also known as the Krebs cycle or the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle)—the series of
enzyme-catalyzed reactions responsible for the oxidation of pyruvate and acetyl-CoA to and for
the entry of pyruvate and acetyl-CoA into the cycle.
1 pyruvate dehydrogenase 5 -ketogutarate dehydrogenase 8 fumarase
2 citrate synthase 6 succinyl-CoA synthetase 9 malate dehydrogenase
3 aconitase 7 succinate dehydrogenase 10 pyruvate carboxylase
4 isocitrate dehydrogenase

a

CO 2

pyruvate

10

9

citrate

H 2 O CoASH

malate

2

3

1

CH 3

C

COO−

O

acetyl-CoA

CH 2

CH 3 CSCoA

C

COO−

COO−

CH 2

HCOH

COO−

COO−

O

CH 2

HOCCOO−

CH 2

COO−

COO−

isocitrate

succinate succinyl-CoA

fumarate
4

5

-ketoglutarate

CHOH

CHCOO−

CH 2

COO−

COO−

CO

CH 2

CH 2

COO−

COO−

CO

CH 2

CH 2

COO−

COO−

CH 2

CH 2

COO−

SCoA

O

NAD+ + CoASH

NAD+ + CoASH

NAD+

NADH + H+
+

NADH + H+ +

NADH + H+

NAD+

HCO 3 − + ATP

ADP + Pi

6

7

8

GTP +
CoASH

FAD

FADH 2

H 2 O

GDP +
HPO 32 −

H

H
C

C
COO−

−OOC

NADH + H+
+ CO 2

CO 2

CO 2

oxaloacetate
Free download pdf