Wood Handbook, Wood as an Engineering Material

Fracture or Distortion Surface checks occur early in drying when the shell of a board is stressed in tension enough to fracture ...

Moisture Content of Dried Lumber Although widely used, the trade terms “shipping dry,” “air dry,” and “kiln dry” may not have id ...

heated above 49 °C (120 °F). Commercial air-dry stock gen- erally has an average moisture content low enough for rapid kiln dryi ...

specified or understood to be suitable for a certain use. The average moisture content should have upper and lower toler- ance l ...

shed in a western location increased 2.7% on the inside of solid piles and 3.5% on the outside of the piles. Protect all manufac ...

Chapter 13 Drying and Control of Moisture Content and Dimensional Changes storage areas by humidification. In warm weather, cool ...

General Technical Report FPL–GTR– 190 Table 13–5. Dimensional change coefficients(CR, radial; CT, tangential) for shrinking or s ...

Chapter 13 Drying and Control of Moisture Content and Dimensional Changes Then, dimension at end of change DI + DD = 232 + 1.7 ( ...

General Technical Report FPL–GTR– 190 shrinkage occurs primarily in the width and thickness of members, not the length. Thorough ...

Chapter 13 Drying and Control of Moisture Content and Dimensional Changes Exterior Trim and Millwork Exterior trim, such as corn ...

General Technical Report FPL–GTR– 190 FPL. 1972. Methods of controlling humidity in woodwork- ing plants. Res. Note FPL–RN–0218. ...

CHAPTER 14 Biodeterioration of Wood Carol A. Clausen, Supervisory Research Microbiologist Under proper conditions, wood will giv ...

pored hardwoods (for example, oaks), the wood beneath the surface growth is commonly stained too deeply to be surfaced off. The ...

Chapter 14 Biodeterioration of Wood Decay Decay-producing fungi may, under conditions that favor their growth, attack either hea ...

outward dimensions, does not shrink or collapse, and often feels spongy (Fig. 14–5). Brown-rot fungi commonly colo- nize softwoo ...

Chapter 14 Biodeterioration of Wood extent of variations in decay resistance of individual trees or wood samples of a particular ...

drying practices will usually dry the wood fast enough to protect it, particularly if the protection afforded by drying is suppl ...

quality-reducing features. Surface treatment for protection at the drying yard is only temporarily effective. Except for tempora ...

Table 14–2. Types of damage caused by wood-attacking insects Type of damage Description Causal agent Damage Begins Ends Pin hole ...

vary in length from approximately 1.5 to 6.5 mm (1/16 to 1/4 in.) They bore through the outer bark to the soft inner part, where ...