caes, (vos) caés,cae,caemos,caéis,caen (present indicative),caiga,caigas,
caiga,caigamos,caigáis,caigan (present subjunctive).
In addition, in oír yis inserted at the end of the stem in the 2nd and 3rd per-
sons singular and in the 3rd person plural of the present indicative: oigo,
oyes, (vos) oís,oye,oímos,oís,oyen (present indicative),oiga,oigas,oiga,
oigamos,oigáis,oigan (present subjunctive).
Verbs ending in -ucir and -ecer
All verbs in -ucirand most verbs in -ecer, plus conocer‘know’ and nacer ‘be
born’, show a change from c to zcin the same circumstances in which gis
inserted into verbs like poner(i.e. 1st person singular present indicative and
throughout the present subjunctive). This pattern is illustrated in Table 10.8.
Other common verbs that follow this pattern include:
conocer know lucir shine
deducir deduce merecer merit
florecer flower padecer suffer
introducir introduce producir produce
1111
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1011
1
12111
3 4 5 6 7 8 9
20111
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
30111
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
40
41111
Present
indicative and
present
subjunctive
105
Table 10.7Insertion of gin certain verbs
Poner‘put’
Person Indicative Subjunctive
Singular
1 (yo) pongo ponga
2 (tú) pones pongas
(vos) ponés [LA]
3 (él etc.) pone ponga
Plural
1 (nosotros) ponemos pongamos
2 (vosotros) ponéis [SP] pongáis [SP]
3 (ellos etc.) ponen pongan
