671017.pdf

Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of Applied Mathematics Volume 2013, Article ID 394372, 13 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155 ...

experiments, it is much easier to catch the evolution of the fabric characteristics during the deformation process of the specim ...

(a) 1 3 3 1 (b) Figure 2: Specimen fabrication method for the tilting angle of훿: (a) fix the rectangular frame according to the ...

Experiment Simulation State B: specimen deform ation State C: specimen deform ation Experiment Simulation Experiment Simulation ...

40 38 36 34 32 30 28 26 24 22 20 0 153045607590 p () () Experiments Simulations Figure 5: Comparison of peak friction angle휙푝bet ...

3 W 3 W dy-wall (a) 3 3 dy-wall (b) Figure 7: The other two boundaries used for comparison. 휙푝corresponds to the maximum princip ...

5 0 5 0 0 5 / 1 3 −1. 0 −0. 5 5 0 5 −1. 5 −2. 0 (%) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 1 (%) Rigid boundary A Rigid boundary B Flexib ...

Mask (a) Rigid boundary (b) Flexible boundary Figure 9: Definition of masks to calculate the stresses inside the specimen. [t!] ...

Rigid boundary A Rigid boundary BFlexible boundary 0 153045607590 40 38 36 34 32 30 28 26 24 20 22 p () () By wall By wall By wa ...

=0 =30 =60 =90 (a) =0 =30 =60 =90 − 75 75 (b) Figure 13: Deformation of biaxial compression tests at axial strain of 15% under F ...

Mask-up Mask-mid Mask-bot Figure 14: Definition of three different masks. 3.2. Boundary Effects on the Strain Localization.The s ...

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 1 (%) 5 0 0 5 0 0 5 / 1 measured 3 by mask Mask-up Mask-mid Mask-bot Mask-whole (a) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 1 ...

[3] A. Azami, S. Pietruszczak, and P. Guo, “Bearing capacity of shallow foundations in transversely isotropic granular media,” I ...

Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of Applied Mathematics Volume 2013, Article ID 320890, 11 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155 ...

slab and the cushion layer in the Tianshengqiao-I concrete- faced rockfill dam [ 12 ]. In this contact analysis method, the conc ...

1c 2c c element) Ve(thin-layer d Figure 3: Thin-layer element method. [퐷]푒푝is defined using the following constitutive law of an ...

where푢 1 and푢 2 are the displacement increments inΩ 1 and Ω 2 whose boundaries exclude the exact contact boundary, 푢 12 is the d ...

III B Upstream rockfill zone III C Mudstone and sandstone zone III D Downstream rockfill zone III A Transition zone II A Bedding ...

(a) For the contact analysis method (b) For the interface element method Figure 6: Two-dimensional finite element mesh. 300 50 1 ...

Table 3: Computational parameters for the rockfill materials. Mat. number Density (kg/m^3 ) 휙耠[∘]Δ휙[∘]푘 푛 푅푓 푘푏 푚 IIA 2200 50.6 ...