671017.pdf

012 34567

Beam length (m)

Beam shear force (kN)

Natural model

Exact displacement-

based model

Winkler foundation model

2D FEM model

− 120

− 80

− 40

0

40

80

(a)

Beam length (m)

Natural model

Exact displacement-

based model

Winkler foundation model

2D FEM model

012 34567

Ben

din

g moment (kN-m)

− 100

− 80

− 60

− 40

− 20

0

20

40

60

80

(b)

012 34567

Beame length (m)

Shear-layer force (kN)

Natural model

Exact displacement-based model

− 60

− 40

− 20

0

20

40

60

80

(c)

Figure 6: Diagrams for beam shear force, bending moment, and shear-layer force.

012 34567

Beam length (m)

Upper sprin

g force (kN)

Natural model

Exact displacement-based model

Winkler foundation model

− 100

− 80

− 60

− 40

− 20

(a)

Beam length (m)

012 34567

Lower sprin

g force (kN)

Natural model

Exact displacement-based model

− 30

− 25

− 20

− 15

− 10

(b)

Figure 7: Diagrams for upper and lower spring foundation forces.