Microbiology Demystified

• Brucella. Brucellabacteria are very small coccobacillus that can not move
  themselves (non-motile) and cause brucellosis or undulant fever—daily
  episodes of fever and chills. Brucellamultiply in white blood cells.


• Bordetella pertussis. Bordetella pertussisis the bacteria that cause pertus-
  sis, which is better known as whooping cough. Bordetella pertussisis rod-
  shaped and non-motile.


• Franeisella tularensis. Franeisella tularensis is a gram-negative coc-
  cobacillus bacterium that lives in contaminated water or wild game. When
  such water or wild game is ingested, the bacteria infects the lymph nodes
  (lymphadenopathy), causing a disease called tularemia, which is com-
  monly known as rabbit fever or deer-fly fever. Franeisella tularensiscan
  also be inhaled during the skinning of an infected animal or enter through
  a lesion in the body.


• Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Agrobacterium tumefaciensis a bacterium
  that causes tumor-like growths on plants called crowngull.


• Acetobacterand gluconobacter: Acetobacterand gluconobacterare bacte-
  ria that synthesize ethanol to vinegar (acetic acid) and are used in the food
  industry to make vinegar.

Facultatively Anaerobic Gram-Negative Rods

Facultatively anaerobic gram-negative rodsare a group of bacteria that take on

a rod shape and can live without the presence of oxygen or when oxygen is pres-

ent can carry out metabolism aerobically. These bacteria are gram-negative.

These are three prominent members of the facultatively anaerobic gram-negative

rods bacteria group.

• Enterics. Enterics (Enterobacteriaceae)are small bacteria that are found in
  the intestinal tracts of animals and humans (intestinal flora) and have flagella
  all over their surface (peritirichous flagella) to move about. Enterics ferment
  glucose and produce carbon dioxide and other gases. The word “enteric”
  means “pertaining to the intestines.” More predominate Enterics are:
  
  
  • Escherichia coli.Escherichia coli, commonly known as E.coliis an
    example of an enteric bacteria, which makes up some of the normal
    flora in the human intestines, but can cause infection if it enters other
  
  
  
  

(^156) CHAPTER 10 The Prokaryotes