it is used for the official residence of a Roman governor. (John 18:28; Acts 23:35) the mention of
“Caesar’s household,” (Philemon 4:22) confirms the notion that St. Paul’s residence was in the
immediate neighborhood of the emperor’s house on the Palatine. (3) The connection of other
localities at home with St. Paul’s name rests only on traditions of more or less probability. We
may mention especially— (4) The Mamertine prison, of Tullianum, built by Ancus Martius near
the Forum. It still exists beneath the church of St. Giuseppe dei Falegnami. It is said that St. Peter
and St. Paul were fellow prisoners here for nine months. This is not the place to discuss the question
whether St. Peter was ever at Rome. It may be sufficient to state that though there is no evidence
of such a visit in the New Testament, unless Babylon in (1 Peter 5:13) is a mystical name for Rome
yet early testimony and the universal belief of the early Church seems sufficient to establish the
fact of his having suffered martyrdom there. [Peter] The story, however, of the imprisonment in
the Mamertine prison seems inconsistent with (2 Timothy 4:11) (5) The chapel on the Ostian road
which marks the spot where the two apostles are said to, have separated on their way to martyrdom.
(6)The supposed scene of St. Paul’s martyrdom, viz., the church of St. Paolo alle tre fontane on
the Ostian road. To these may be added— (7) The supposed scene of St. Peter’s martyrdom, viz.,
the church of St. Pietro in Montorio, on the Janiculum. (8) The chapel Domine que Vadis, on the
Aypian road,the scene of the beautiful legend of our Lord’s appearance to St. Peter as he was
escaping from martyrdom. (9) The places where the bodies of the two apostles, after having been
deposited first in the catacombs, are supposed to have been finally buried—that of St. Paul by the
Ostian road, that of St. Peter beneath the dome of the famous Basilica which bears his name. We
may add, as sites unquestionably connected with the Roman Christians of the apostolic age— (10)
The gardens of Nero in the Vatican. Not far from the spot where St. Peter’s now stands. Here
Christians, wrapped in the skins of beasts, were torn to pieces by dogs, or, clothed in inflammable
robes, were burnt to serve as torches during the midnight games. Others were crucified. (11) The
Catacombs. These subterranean galleries, commonly from 8 to 10 feet in height and from 4 to 6
in width, and extending for miles, especially in the neighborhood of the old Appian and Nomentan
Ways, were unquestionably used as places of refuge, of worship and of burial by the early
Christians. The earliest dated inscription in the catacombs is A.D. 71. Nothing is known of the
first founder of the Christian Church at Rome. Christianity may, perhaps, have been introduced
into the city not long after the outpouring of the Holy Spirit on the day of Pentecost by the “strangers
of Rome, who were then at Jerusalem, (Acts 2:10) It is clear that there were many Christians at
Rome before St. Paul visited the city. (Romans 1:8,13,15; 15:20) The names of twenty-four
Christians at Rome are given in the salutations at the end of the Epistle to the Romans. Linus, who
is mentioned (2 Timothy 4:21) and Clement, Phil 4:3 Are supposed to have succeeded St. Peter
as bishops of Rome.
Roof
[House]
Room
The references to “room” in (Matthew 23:6; Mark 12:39; Luke 14:7,8; 20:46) signify the highest
place on the highest couch round the dinner or supper table—the “uppermost seat”, as it is more
accurately rendered in (Luke 11:43)
Rose
occurs twice only, viz. in (Song of Solomon 2:1; Isaiah 35:1) There is much difference of
opinion as to what particular flower is here denoted; but it appears to us most probable that the
frankie
(Frankie)
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