Henry the Lion 339Meaux the following year and while en route to help the
duke of BURGUNDY, Henry contracted dysentry and died
on August 31, 1422, at Vincennes near Paris at the age of
- After a funeral procession back to England, he was
buried in Westminster Abbey.
Further reading:Frank Taylor and John S. Roskell,
trans. Gesta Henricic Quinti: The Deeds of Henry the Fifth
(Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1975); Christopher Allmand,
Henry V(Berkeley: University of California Press, 1992);
G. L. Harriss, ed. Henry V: The Practice of Kingship,
(Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1985); Margaret Wade
Labarge, Henry V: The Cautious Conqueror (London:
Secker and Warburg, 1975).
Henry VI, King (1165–1197) Holy Roman Emperor, poet,
Coronation of King Roger II of Sicily
The son of Emperor FREDERICKI BARBAROSSA, born in
1165, Henry struggled to unite the Crowns of GERMANY
within the empire. He married the NORMAN princess
CONSTANCE, daughter of ROGERII of SICILY, in 1185, and
inherited a claim to the throne of Sicily, which he took by
force in 1194. He became emperor on the death of his
father while the latter was on CRUSADEin 1190. After
pacifying Germany and seizing Sicily, he pursued another
dream to conquer the BYZANTINEEMPIRE. In 1195 he
launched a crusade against Byzantium, offering to end
the threat only if a large bribe from Alexios III (r.
1195–1203) was paid. Alexios III levied a tax called the
“German tax” in 1197 to meet this demand, but the col-
lected funds were never sent. In the meantime Henry
died of fever, probably malaria, in Messina on September
- He left an infant son, the future FREDERICKII.
See alsoHOHENSTAUFEN DYNASTY.
Further reading: Benjamin Arnold, Medieval Ger-
many, 500–1300: A Political Interpretation(Toronto: Uni-
versity of Toronto Press, 1997); Horst Fuhrmann,
Germany in the High Middle Ages, c. 1050–1200(Cam-
bridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986); Brain A.
Pavlac, “Henry VI (1165–1197),” in Medieval Germany:
An Encyclopedia,ed. John M. Jeep (New York: Garland,
2001), 348–350.
Henry of Ghent (de Gandavo)(1217–1293) logician
and theologian
Henry was born at GHENTor Tournai in modern Belgium
in 1217. As an adult, he became a member of the secular
clergy as canon of Tournai and archdeacon of BRUGES.
The influence of the “solemn doctor,” as he was nick-
named, was exercised notably in defense of Augustinian-
ism and in the distinction he made between the essence
of and the being of GOD. Only God was essence, and the
being of his creatures supposed the creator remained
affected by that act of creation. God was the first object of
knowledge. Henry, a logician and a commentator on ARIS-
TOTLE, later was active in the condemnation of the Aver-
roism of 1277. He supposedly taught there at the faculty
of arts from 1266 to 1277 with SIGER OFBRABANTat the
University of PARIS. He died on June 29, 1293.
See alsoDUNSSCOTUS,JOHN,BLESSED.
Further reading:Steven P. Marrone, Truth and Scien-
tific Knowledge in the Thought of Henry of Ghent(Cam-
bridge, Mass.: Medieval Academy of America, 1985); W.
Vanhamel, ed., Henry of Ghent: Proceedings of the Interna-
tional Colloquium on the Occasion of the 700th Anniversary
of His Death (1293)(Louvain: Leuven University Press,
1996).Henry of Susa, Cardinal SeeHOSTIENSIS,CARDINAL.Henry Suso(Heinrich Seuse, Henry of Berg), Blessed
(ca. 1295–1366)German Dominican mystic and reformer
Henry Suso or Seuse was born about 1295 near Con-
stance, perhaps on March 21. His name, Sus, Seuse, or
Süs, was taken from his mother. At age 13, he entered the
DOMINICAN ORDER and followed their usual course of
study, lasting seven or eight years. Suso may have com-
pleted the first stage of his studies in THEOLOGYat Con-
stance or Strasbourg in 1322. He then continued them at
the Dominican school at COLOGNE, where in 1327 he was
a pupil of ECKHART. After returning to Constance,
between 1329 and 1334, Suso was suspected of HERESY.
He was removed from his ecclesiastical offices and sub-
jected to interrogation. After this he turned from a harsh
ascetism to a life of mystical abandonment as recounted
in several treatises.
During a difficult time of natural catastrophes,
FAMINEand PLAGUE, he dedicated himself to preaching
and pastoral work. After journeying throughout GER-
MANY, in 1347–48 he moved to Ulm and continued his
work of spiritual reform. He wrote a collection of his
works, The Exemplar,in 1362/63. On January 25, 1366,
he died at Ulm, where he was buried in the local church
of the Dominicans. Pope Gregory XVI (r. 1831–46) pro-
claimed him a beatusor “blessed” in 1831.
Further reading:Henry Suso, Henry Suso: The Exem-
plar, with Two German Sermons,trans. Frank Tobin (New
York: Paulist Press, 1989); James Midgley Clark, The
Great German Mystics: Eckhart, Tauler, and Suso(Folcroft,
Pa.: Folcroft Press, 1969).Henry the Lion(Henry XII)(1129–1195) duke of
Bavaria, rival to Frederick I Barbarossa
Born in January 1129, Henry was the son of Henry the
Proud (1108–39), duke of BAVARIA and SAXONY.He
became head of a family opposed to the HOHENSTAUFEN
and was the second greatest prince in GERMANYafter the
emperor. His attitude toward FREDERICKI BARBAROSSA,
his cousin, seems to have been one of loyalty. He kept
mainly in his lands of Saxony, rather neglecting Bavaria