galvanizing The process where steel is coated with a
layer of zinc, which provides the steel with greater cor-
rosion resistance.

gamma (γ) band SeeSORET BAND.

gamma ray High-energy electromagnetic radiation
that is emitted by the nuclei of radioactive atoms.

gangue The term used to describe the nonvaluable or
unwanted minerals or rocks associated with a commer-
cial ore.

gap junction A site between two cells that allows

small molecules or ions to cross through and connect

between the two cytoplasms; allows electrical poten-

tials between the two cells.

gas Matter that has no definite volume or definite

shape and always fills any space given to it.

gas chromatography A type of automated CHRO-

MATOGRAPHYin which the mixture to be analyzed is

vaporized and then carried by an inert gas through a

special column and further to a detection device.

gas-phase acidity The negative of the Gibbs energy

(∆Gro) change for the reaction

A–H →A–+ H+

in the gas phase.

See alsoGIBBS FREE ENERGY.

gas-phase basicity The negative of the Gibbs energy

(∆Gro) change associated with the reaction

B + H+→BH+

in the gas phase. Also called absolute or intrinsic

basicity.

See alsoGIBBS FREE ENERGY; PROTON AFFINITY.

115

G

Galvanizing. The process where steel is coated with a layer of
zinc, which provides the steel with greater corrosion resistance