The History of Christianity: From the Disciples to the Dawn of the Reformation

Discuss the several ways in which political rule and religious freedom could come into conflict in antiquity. How is the persec ...

Lecture 8: Forms of Witness—martyrdom and apologetic Forms of Witness—Martyrdom and Apologetic Lecture 8 I n the last lecture, w ...

Christians in the late 2nd century, it was a religion of women and slaves. • As we have already seen, although formal state p ...

Lecture 8: Forms of Witness—martyrdom and apologetic of being restored to life by him; but for you there will be no resurrection ...

• Three highly visible Christian leaders bore witness in a way that glorified martyrdom. o Ignatius, the bishop of Antioch, w ...

Lecture 8: Forms of Witness—martyrdom and apologetic circa 165; his trial before the Roman prefect was recorded and is extant. W ...

• Although supposedly directed to outsiders, such apologetic literature played an important role in shaping Jewish identity, ...

Lecture 8: Forms of Witness—martyrdom and apologetic portrayed Christianity as the best of philosophies, summing up the best des ...

Extreme Christianity in the 2nd and 3rd Centuries Lecture 9 S ome Christians in the age of persecution willingly accepted martyr ...

Lecture 9: Extreme Christianity in the 2 nd and 3 rd Centuries o In the infancy gospel of James, the perpetual virginity of Mary ...

o The order of the empire is equally threatened by an aggressive assertion of God’s sovereignty. These stories show emperors and ...

Lecture 9: Extreme Christianity in the 2 nd and 3 rd Centuries o As in the apocryphal Acts of the Apostles, the prophetic power ...

hostile “apology” called Against the Greeks, then returned to the East, where he died around 173. He is often named as the found ...

Lecture 9: Extreme Christianity in the 2 nd and 3 rd Centuries the body, where it forgets its origins and destiny and falls into ...

The Importance of Radical Phenomena • Such radical phenomena are of great importance for assessing the character of Christian ...

Lecture 10: The Shaping of Orthodoxy The Shaping of Orthodoxy................................................................ Le ...

Christianity had to figure out how to be a world religion, not just a quirky movement. Responses to the Challenges • Coherent ...

Lecture 10: The Shaping of Orthodoxy • The most vigorous intellectual and political effort, however, was expended against tho ...

o Tertullian’s writing established a technical theological lexicon for later writers. • In Gaul, Irenaeus (c. 130–c. 200) was ...

Lecture 10: The Shaping of Orthodoxy o Following the custom of ancient rhetoric, he mocks the illogicality and inconsistency of ...