Linoleic acid 100
Lipase
hepatic 102
hormone-sensitive 108–109, 113
gastric 98
lipoprotein (LPL) 102, 104
lysosomal acid 113
pancreatic 98, 99
salivary 98
Lipid digestion
avian 99
non-ruminant 97–99
pre-ruminant 101
ruminant 100–102
Lipogenesis 104–106, 112–113
Lipolysis 84, 108–109
Lipoprotein(s)
high-density (HDL) 102–104
intermediate-density (IDL) 102
low-density (LDL) 102–104
metabolism 102–104
remnant 102
synthesis in intestine 99, 102
synthesis in liver 102
very low-density (VLDL) 99, 101, 102–104, 112–113
Lipostatic theory of intake control 327
Liver
amino acid transport 11
damage 394–395
glycerolipid synthesis 112
ketogenesis 109–111
lipoprotein metabolism 102–104
nerve endings 326
nerve section 325
oxidation in 324
peptide absorption 15
role in intake control 324
trace element dynamics 163, 164, 174–175, 176,
177, 178
triacylglycerol export 102, 112–113
Logistic function 219, 222–223
Low molecular weight peptides
absorption 54
metabolism 50–51
role in amino acid transport 50
supply to mammary gland 56
Lucerne
carbohydrate fractions 224
gas curve 218
Lupinine 385
Lupinosis 391, 395, 397
Lupins 384, 385, 388, 399
Lymphocytes 391
Lysine 7, 16, 17, 18, 19, 68
ileal digestibility 288, 289
Lysolecithin 98, 101
Lysosomes 27
Maintenance 149, 150
Maize
aflatoxin contamination 387, 398, 401
diets 414
metabolizable energy content (poultry) 407
NDF content 407
silage 218, 223
starch content 407
Maize silage 218, 223
Maltase 125, 126, 127
Maltose 125, 126
Maltotriose 125, 126
Mammary gland
amino acid
supply 56
utilization 56
milk fat synthesis 104, 106
Manganese
absorption 176
biliary 176
dynamics 176, 177
endogenous excretion 162, 176, 177
homeostasis 176–177
pools 176
storage 176
turnover 176
urinary 176
Mannose 125, 128
Marbling 71, 73
Markers
external 258–264, 266–268
flow 348
internal 256–258, 267
profiles 343
properties 255–256
Mastication
feeds 234, 235
Mathematic models of amino acid metabolism 58
Meat
cooked
juiciness 73
quality 70–74
Mechanisms of
absorption
channel proteins 5, 6, 7
diffusion 6, 18
facilitative 5, 18
mediated 4–7, 18
transporter energetics 4, 5
transporter theory 3–7
feed enzyme action 406
phenethanolamine action 74–85
toxicity of plant and fungal secondary compounds
388–398
Membrane
enzymes 127
fluidity 114
mitochondrial 155
permeability 153, 154, 155
plasma 152
Metabolic discomfort 320
Metabolism
amino acids 49–59, 388–389
leucine 30–31, 57
3-methylhistidine 33–38, 42
mimosine 388–389, 400
models 58
S-methyl cysteine sulphoxide (SMCO) 388, 394
essential fatty acids 113–115
phyto-oestrogens 389
protein 31–42
rumen 131–142, 329, 388–390, 393–394
ruminants 388–389, 394, 400
secondary 383
fungi 383
plants 383, 386
selenium 178
zearalenone 389
zinc 163–164
Metabolite
interspecies transfer 138
Metabolizable energy (ME)
apparent (AME) 309–310, 313–314
bioassays 307–314
content of diet
effect of -glucanase 411
definition 308
derivation by classical methods 308–309
general approaches 310
nomenclature 308
rapid assays 307–315
end effects 311–313
true (TME) 309–310, 312–314
utilization 340
values
additivity 308
repeatability 307
Metabolizable protein 336, 339–340, 351
Methane seeCH 4
Methanogens 132, 137, 138, 139, 142, 143
Methionine 283–284, 288, 289
S-Methyl cysteine sulphoxide (SMCO) 384, 386, 388,
390, 394, 399
adverse effects 390
metabolism 388Index 433