Transportcontinued
peptide continued
sheep and cattle 18–20
substrate affinities 6, 8, 10
systems 7–8
proteins 4, 6, 9–16, 18–20
ASCT family 13
ASCT1 10, 13
ASCT2 10, 13
CAT family 9–11
CAT1 9, 10
CAT2 9, 10
CAT2a 9, 10
CAT3 10
EAAT family 11–13
EAAT1 10, 12
EAAT2 10, 12
EAAT3 10, 12
EAAT4 10, 12
EAAT5 10, 12
GLYT1 18
NBAT 10, 13, 14
NBAT/4F2hc family 13–14
PepT family of H+/peptide cotransporters
14–15
PepT1 6, 9, 10, 14, 15, 19, 20
PepT2 6, 10, 14, 15, 18, 20
systems 3–20
A 5, 7, 16, 17
ASC 4, 5, 7, 10, 13, 17, 18
asc 5, 7
B 5
Bo 5
Bo,+5, 7, 15, 17
bo,+5, 13, 14, 16, 17, 19
GLY 4, 5
IMINO 4, 5, 7, 17,18
ion 4–5, 19
L 5, 16, 17
N 5, 16
T 5
XAG 4, 5, 7, 10, 11, 12, 15–17
xc5, 16, 17
y+5, 7, 9, 14, 16, 17, 18, 19
y+L 5, 7, 14, 16, 18
transepithelial 128
volatile fatty acids (VFA) 140
Trehalase 125, 126
Trehalose 122, 125, 126
Triacylglycerol
digestion 98–99, 100
export 112–113
lipolysis 108–109, 113
synthesis 99, 101, 106–107, 112, 115
tissue uptake 102
Trichothecenes
type A 387
type B 387, 388
Tritiated gypsum 264, 270
Triticale
fat content 407
starch content 407
metabolizable energy content (poultry) 407
Tritium-labelled plant material 264
True metabolizable energy (TME) 309–310, 312–314
nitrogen correction 309, 310
Truly digestible organic matter intake (TDOMI)
338–341
See alsoFeed, intake
Turkey 143
Turkey X disease 389, 395
Turnover
digesta 336
manganese 176
mass action 336
protein 25–44
zinc 164, 167
Ubiquitin 27
Urea 323
Uric acid 309Vagotomy 323
Vasoactive lipids 384, 386, 397
Ventriculus 131
Villus 127, 128 391
Volatile fatty acids (VFA) 133–144, 200, 204, 213, 228,
324, 336, 337, 356, 416, 418
absorption 139–142
acetate 133, 135, 136, 138, 141, 144, 210
butyrate 133, 135, 136, 138, 144, 210
production 133–138, 210
propionate
end-product of fermentation 133, 135, 136, 138,
141, 144, 210
liver infusion 325
site of infusion 326
transport 140–141
utilization 141–142
metabolic fuel 141
Vmax 128Water consumption 312–313, 367
Wheat
arabinoxylan content 407
enzyme supplementation 410
-glucan content 407
metabolizable energy content 407, 410
phytase activity 408
straw
gas curve 218, 221, 222
Winged bean 385, 398Xylanase 237, 407, 416–418
Xylose 123, 128, 133, 392, 406, 407Yield
ATP 225
gas 225–226
microbial 225–227
Ytterbium 261–262, 265, 266, 267, 270Zearalenone 387, 389, 391
excretion 389
metabolism 389
toxicology 389, 391
Zeranol 389
Zilpaterol 65, 66, 71, 72, 86
Zinc
absorption 163, 164, 167, 171, 172
accumulation
tissue 173, 174
whole-body 166, 167, 168, 171
balance 168, 170
dynamics 164–173
excretion
endogenous 163, 168, 171, 172
faecal 168, 169, 170, 171
urinary 167–169, 170
and feed intake 164
growth effects 163, 174
homeostasis 163, 164
intake 166, 172
metabolism 163–165
model 164–173
plasma 165
pools 165, 172
redistribution 172, 173
tissue distribution 163, 165
turnover 164, 167
urinary 167–170
whole-body 166, 167, 168, 171438 Index