Hematopoietic Neoplasms* Hematology Review 318
DISORDER EXPLANATION EXAMPLE(S) OTHER
Myeloproliferative
neoplasms (MPN) or
myeloproliferative
disorders (MPD)
Myelodysplastic
syndromes (MDS)
Myelodysplastic/
myeloproliferative
disorders (MDS/MPN)
Premalignant hematopoietic stem
cell disorders involving overproduc-
tion of 1 or more myeloid (nonlym-
phocytic) cell lines. Bone marrow &
peripheral blood show ↑RBCs, gran-
ulocytes, &/or platelets, with 1 cell
line usually predominate. Normal
maturation & morphology.
Premalignant hematopoietic stem
cell disorders involving ineffective
hematopoiesis in 1 or more myeloid
cell lines. Hypercellular bone
marrow with maturation abnormali-
ties (dysplasias). Peripheral blood
cytopenias (↓counts) & morpho-
logic abnormalities.
Premalignant neoplasms with both
myeloproliferative & myelodysplastic
features.
Polycythemia vera,
chronic myelogenous
leukemia, essential
thrombocythemia,
primary myelofibrosis
Refractory anemia,
refractory neutrope-
nia, refractory
thrombocytopenia
Chronic myelomono-
cytic leukemia (CMML)
Usually in older adults. Caused by
mutations in hematopoietic stem
cells. Primarily chronic but can
transform into acute leukemia.
Splenomegaly, extramedullary
hematopoiesis common.
More common in elderly. May be due
to exposure to chemicals, radiation,
chemotherapy, viral infections. Can
transform into acute leukemia.
continued...
