Common Leukemias Hematology Review 322
TYPE OTHER NAMES WBC (× 10^9 /L) BLOOD SMEAR OTHER
Acute myeloid
leukemia (AML)
Acute lymphoblastic
leukemia (ALL)
Chronic myelogenous
leukemia (CML)
Acute myelocytic,
acute myeloge-
nous, acute
nonlymphocytic
leukemia (ANLL)
Acute lymphocytic
Chronic granulo-
cytic, chronic
myeloid
Usually 5–30
but can range
from 1–200
↑in 50% of
patients. Can
be N or ↓
Usually >100
≥20% blasts. May have Auer
rods, pseudo-Pelger-Huët
cells, Howell-Jolly bodies,
Pappenheimer bodies,
basophilic stippling, nRBCs,
hypogranular or giant PLT.
Small, homogeneous blasts in
children; larger, heteroge-
neous blasts in adults. Many
do not have circulating blasts.
All stages of granulocytic mat-
uration. Segs & myelocytes
predominant. ↑eos & basos.
Pseudo-Pelger-Huët cells
(hyposegmentation of
neutrophil nuclei), NRBCs,
abnormal PLT may be seen.
Most common type in children
<1 yr & adults. Rare in older
children & teens. ↑uric acid &
LD from ↑cell turnover.
Peak incidence 2–5 yr. Smaller
peak in elderly. ↑uric acid &
LD. Spreads to central nervous
system. Immunophenotyping
to determine lineage (T or B).
Cytogenetics & molecular
analysis for prognosis.
Most common MPD. Most
common after age 55 yr.
Philadelphia (Ph) chromo-
some. ↓LAP. Eventually
becomes AML or ALL.
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