Facts on File Encyclopedia of Health and Medicine

maximum functional capacity of the spine. Many doctors aim for a goal of shaping the fusion so the spine remains erect, which al ...

tissue, and NERVE structure and function. These impairments secondarily affect joint function. About 30 percent of arthrogryposi ...

ally arise from overuse and may result in discom- fort and limitations of use long after athletic partic- ipation ends. OSTEOART ...

B back pain PAINthat arises from injury to the structures of the spine. Most back pain involves the soft tissue structures—muscl ...

PATHIC MANIPULATIVE TREATMENT(OMT) often provide relief. YOGAand PHYSICAL THERAPYare methods for improving FLEXIBILITYand STRENG ...

HORMONE plays a key role in regulating this release. The process of bone resorption leaves vacant lacunae on the surface of the ...

smaller scale. However, a short bone does not have a medullary canal or bone marrow. Flat bones, such as the scapulae (shoulder ...

most bone cancers. COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (CT) SCAN, MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING (MRI), and radioisotope bone scan can provide great ...

though may occur in conditions such as OSTEOPET- ROSIS. Bone Density Testing A number of tests can measure bone density. Among t ...

other. A synovial membrane, which secretes a lubricating fluid (synovial fluid), lines the inside of the bursa. This is the same ...

C calcium and bone health The correlation between dietary intake of calcium and the density and STRENGTHof the bones. Calcium is ...

314 The Musculoskeletal System DIETARY SOURCES OF CALCIUM Food Source Serving Size Amount of Calcium per Serving almonds 3 ounce ...

content and its percentage of the daily adequate intake (AI) amount. Three forms of calcium are commonly available as dietary su ...

improvement in their symptoms when they take vitamin B 6 (pyridoxine) supplements. Certain YOGA postures that increase FLEXIBILI ...

cal vertebrae (bones of the neck). The damage is permanent and eventually restricts the movement of the neck. Pressure against t ...

also affect the arms and hands. Though the motor symptoms of CMT are most prominent, CMT also affects sensory perceptions and ca ...

congenital hip DYSPLASIA, also called congenital hip displacement or developmental dysplasia of the hip. The dysplasia is someti ...

D–G dislocations Separations of the structures within a JOINT, typically as a result of traumatic injury. The digits (fingers an ...

8 to 12 weeks. Recurrent epicondylitis may require surgical repair. See also OSTEOARTHRITIS; TENDONITIS. fascia The fibrous memb ...

ANALGESIC MEDICATIONSsuch as acetaminophen and NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS (NSAIDS) to relieve pain ANTIDEPRESSANT MED ...