376 Pain and Pain Management
TYPES OF CHRONIC HEADACHESType of Headache Characteristic Symptoms Treatment Approaches
cluster severe migraine-like PAINon one side of the medications and other methods to try to prevent the
head or face cluster of headaches
nasal congestion on the affected side medications and other methods to head off a headache
headache recurs, usually daily, for a period as it is starting
of weeks to months (a cluster) and then goes analgesics during the headache do not usually take
away for a period of time effect quickly enough to be useful
migraine aura (classic migraine) such as flashing lights rest in a quiet, dark room
or other sensory activation before the caffeine
headache itself begins NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS(NSAIDS):
vision, sensory, and cognitive disturbances ibuprofen, naproxen
(classic and common migraine) beta-blockers: propanolol, atenolol
moderate to severe pain often on one side calcium channel blockers: amlodipine, verapamil
of the head ergot derivatives: ergotamine, dihydroergotamine,
NAUSEAand VOMITING ergotamine with CAFFEINE
inability to participate in regular activities triptans: almotriptan, eletriptan, naratriptan, rizatriptan,
sumatriptan, zolmitriptan
antidepressants: amitriptyline, fluoxetine, nortriptyline,
paroxetine, sertraline
isometheptene
NARCOTICS: injection of morphine for severe pain
rebound headache that returns as soon as the medications to prevent headache such as beta-blocker
medication taken to relieve it wears off or isometheptene
relaxation techniques and other nonmedication methods
sinus pain along the cheek bones, around the eyes, ANTIBIOTIC MEDICATIONSfor INFECTION
in the jaw ANTIHISTAMINE MEDICATIONSfor ALLERGIC RHINITIS
pain is worse upon first waking up in the decongestant spray or drops
morning and when tipping the head forward oral decongestant medications
nasal congestion and postnasal drip
tension steady, pressure-type pain that comes on over-the-counter analgesics: acetaminophen, aspirin,
gradually NSAIDs
often occurs during times of physical or antidepressants: amitriptyline, fluoxetine, nortriptyline,
emotional stress paroxetine, sertraline
may go away when source of stress ends relaxation and stress management methods
frequent stretching and movement to change position
ACUPUNCTURE
MASSAGE THERAPY
CHIROPRACTIC