Atlas of Human Anatomy by Netter

FACTS & HINTS

High-Yield Facts

Clinical Points

Stroke

Focal neurology lasting greater than 24 hours as a result of a vascular cause

Can be caused by an intracranial bleed

More often (80% of cases) as a result of an infarct-ischemia, because of thrombosis or embolization from an atherosclerotic vessel

Majority of strokes occur in the territory supplied by the internal carotid artery

Symptoms include: hemiparesis, hemiplegia, aphasia, homonomous hemianopia

Strokes affecting the territory supplied by the vertebral artery can present with ataxia, dysphonia, dysphagia, and homonomous hemianopia

Clinical Points

Berry Aneurysm

Congenital defect in tunica media of arteries of circle of Willis

Results in a saccular or Berry aneurysm

Rupture is most common cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage

Anterior cerebral, internal carotid, and middle cerebral most commonly affected

Patient may present with headache, vomiting, altered consciousness, and signs of meningeal irritation