FACTS & HINTS
High-Yield Facts
Clinical Points
Back pain: A very common, usually self-limiting complaint, often affecting the lumbar region ("low back pain"). Radiation to back of the thigh
and into the leg (sciatica) or focal neurology suggests radiculopathy. Disturbance of bladder/bowel function should prompt urgent
intervention.
Back strain: Stretching and microscopic tearing of muscle fibres or ligaments, often because of a sport-related injury. The muscles
subsequently go into spasm as a protective response causing pain and interfering with function. This is a common cause of low back pain.
Whiplash: Cervical muscle and/or ligament strain because of forceful hyperextension of the neck. Frequently caused by impacts from the
rear in motor vehicle accidents. May cause herniation of the IV disc and subsequent radiculopathy.Mnemonics
Memory Aids
Deep back muscles: I Love Spaghetti-Some More Ragu
= Iliocostalis, Longissimus, Spinalis-Semispinalis, Multifidus, Rotatores
Erector spinae group: I Like Standing
= Iliocostalis, Longissimus, Spinalis