[Plate 410, Shoulder (Glenohumeral Joint)]Sternoclavicular Joint
Saddle-type, synovial joint
Divided into two compartments by an articular disc
Movements
Elevation with posterior rotation
Protraction
Depression
Articulation between concave facet of manubrium and concave facet of clavicle
Strengthened by anterior and posterior sternoclavicular, costoclavicular, and interclavicular ligaments
Blood supply: Branches of suprascapular and internal thoracic arteries
Nerve supply: Branches of the supraclavicular nerve, and nerve to subclavius
Acromioclavicular Joint
Plane-type, synovial joint
No demonstrable movement; muscles moving the scapula cause the acromion to move on the clavicle
Articulation between concave facet of acromion and convex facet of clavicle
Strengthened by acromioclavicular and coracoclavicular (conoid and trapezoid) ligaments
Coracoclavicular
Unites coracoid process and clavicle
Has two component ligaments
Conoid: vertical, in shape of inverted pyramid
Trapezoid: horizontal, extends laterally to inferior surface of clavicle
Blood supply: Branches of suprascapular and thoracoacromial arteries
Nerve supply: Branches of the supraclavicular, lateral pectoral and axillary nerves
Shoulder (Glenohumeral) Joint
Multiaxial, synovial ball-and-socket joint
Movements
Flexion/extension
Abduction/adduction
Internal/external (medial/lateral) rotation
Circumduction
Articulation of head of humerus with the shallow glenoid cavity of the scapula
Joint socket deepened by glenoid labrum (fibrocartilaginous ring) and supported by the rotator cuff muscles (see below)