Atlas of Human Anatomy by Netter

Supplies muscles of anterior compartment of the leg

Descends on interosseous membrane and becomes dorsalis pedis artery

Posterior tibial artery

Larger of two terminal branches of popliteal

Supplies muscles of posterior compartment

Gives off fibular artery

Descends deep to soleus

Provides main blood supply to foot, after passing inferior to medial malleolus

Palpable behind the medial malleolus

Gives off nutrient artery to the tibia

Circumflex fibular artery

Arises from origin of anterior or posterior tibial

Passes over neck of fibula to anastomosis around knee

Fibular artery

Largest branch of posterior tibial

Supplies muscles of lateral compartment of the leg

Begins below tendinous arch of soleus

Gives off nutrient artery to the fibula

Pierces interosseous membrane to reach dorsum of foot

Dorsalis pedis

Continuation of the anterior tibial artery

Palpable between the first and second metatarsal heads

Divides into plantar and arcuate arteries

Supplies muscles on dorsum of foot

Pierces first dorsal interosseous muscle as deep plantar artery of foot (plantar arterial arch)

Medial plantar artery

Smaller of two terminal branches of posterior tibial artery

Supplies muscles of great toe, skin on medial side of sole

Gives off plantar digital arteries

Lateral plantar artery

Larger than medial

Accompanies lateral plantar nerve

Arches medially across foot, beginning at base of fifth metatarsal as deep plantar arch

Gives off four plantar metatarsal arteries

Joins branches of medial plantar to form plantar digital arteries to toes

Vascular Supply: Veins
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Lower limb has superficial and deep venous systems with perforating veins communicating between them

Veins have valves

Veins of foot

Superficial

Metatarsal veins merge to form dorsal venous arch

Communicates with plantar arch

Both drain medially to great saphenous vein and laterally to small saphenous vein

Deep

Begin as dorsal digital and plantar digital veins

Merge to deep veins accompanying arteries in leg and thigh

Superficial veins of leg and thigh

Great saphenous vein

Courses along medial side of dorsum of the foot

Passes in front of medial malleolus (location for venous cut down for emergency IV access here)

Anastomoses freely with small saphenous vein

Ascends medial side of leg, then posterior to the knee

Ascends along medial thigh to saphenous hiatus in fascia lata

Traverses hiatus to empty into femoral vein

Has many valves

Small saphenous vein

Runs behind the lateral malleolus

Ascends along lateral border of calcaneal tendon

Pierces the deep fascia

Ascends between heads of gastrocnemius

Empties into popliteal vein

Accompanied by the sural nerve

Deep veins of leg and thigh

Accompany all major arteries (venae comitantes)

Are usually paired

Are variable and anastomose freely

Unite to form the popliteal vein and ascend as femoral vein

Perforating veins

Penetrate deep fascia

Connect superficial and deep veins

Have valves

Lymphatics