Atlas of Human Anatomy by Netter

FACTS & HINTS

High-Yield Facts

Anatomic Points

The piriform fossa is a common site for fish bones to lodge. It is also a site where pharyngeal tumors can grow undetected for a period of

time.

Aggregations of lymphoid tissue in the nasopharynx are called adenoids. They can become enlarged in children, causing obstruction of the

nasopharynx and forcing the child to breathe through the mouth.

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Clinical Points

Pharyngitis

Also called a sore throat

Usually caused by viral infection

In children, common cause of bacterial pharyngitis is beta hemolytic streptococcus

If infection is severe, auditory tubes can become blocked, predisposing to otitis media

Patient may complain of pain on swallowing and pain referred to the ear

On examination, the throat may be reddened and cervical lymph nodes may be enlarged

Clinical Points

Tonsillectomy

Surgical removal of the palatine and lingual tonsils

Tonsillectomy is advised if the patient has experienced recurrent attacks of tonsillitis, particularly if they resulted in airway obstruction and

hearing difficulties

A major and common surgical procedure performed in children in the USA

Recovery usually within 2 weeks, although for adults this may take longer and can have a higher complication rate