Principles of Functional Exercise

Origin – Ribs (3rd to 5th Vertebrae) along the anterior surface

Insertion – Scapula (superior anterior) attaches to coracoid process (medial border)

Sports associated with these movements are climbing and gymnastics

Weight training exercises commonly associated are dips and Lat. Pulldowns.

Common distortions caused by tightness include a scapula that is abducted, depressed, and
protracted. The combination of these three may cause impingement of the brachial plexus and
axillary artery, resulting in negative arm and hand symptoms

STERNAL

Joint Action of the Shoulder (glenohumeral)

1. Horizontal Adduction


2. Internal Rotation


3. Adduction


4. Extension

Joint Action of the Scapula (assisting the shoulder)

1. Downward rotation


2. Depression


3. Abduction (Initially)

An example of the scapula assisting the shoulder in its movement pattern is pulling of the
arm from above the head down to a horizontal position.

Origin – Sternum (Anteriorly) located between the 2nd and 6th Rib vertebrae. It is comprised of
Costal cartilage.

Insertion – Humerus (proximal anterior) is located within the Intertubercular groove.

Common distortions caused by tightness assists in the development of an internally rotated
humerus which is a primary contributing factor to scapular depression.