0.75
0.7
0.65
0.6
0.55
0.5
0.45
123
Portfolio specific volatility
456
0.95
0.9
0.85
0.8
Portfolio alpha
Specific 2% constraint
Mean variance frontier Systematic 5% constraint
Specific 3% constraint
Figure 1.4 Portfolio specific volatility with constraints on systematic and specific risk.
0.75
0.7
0.65
0.6
0.55
0.5
0.45
6 6.5 7
Portfolio volatility
7.5 8 8.5 9
0.95
0.9
0.85
0.8
Mean portfolio alpha
Alpha uncertainty frontier
MV frontier Sys 5% and alpha uncertainty
Spe 2% and alpha uncertainty
Figure 1.5 Portfolio volatility with alpha uncertainty and constraints on systematic and
specific risk.