Small Animal Dermatology, 3rd edition

512 DISEASES/DISORDERS

 Canine leproid granuloma:
Cases have been associated with fly bites and may seasonally fluctuate; short coat

may predispose

Likely worldwide; most cases reported from Australasia and Brazil; United States

reported in California, Hawaii, and Florida

Most often seen in short-haired outdoor-housed large-breed dogs, especially

boxers (and their crosses), Staffordshire bull terriers, foxhounds, doberman pin-

schers, and German shepherds.

 Systemic nontuberculous mycobacteriosis:
Also known as opportunistic or atypical mycobacteriosis
Sporadic disease that can affect dogs and cats of any age
Most patients are immunosuppressed or have concurrent systemic diseases
Exposure: routes of exposure in pulmonary and systemic disease are unknown
Pleuritis; localized or disseminated granulomas; disseminated disease, neuritis;

bronchopneumonia

Mycobacterial panniculitis; adult cats and dogs; infections follow trauma or bite

wound, resulting in inoculation of the subcutaneous fat; risk factor with obesity.

CLINICAL FEATURES

 Tuberculosis:
Correlated with the route of exposure; major sites of involvement: oropharyngeal

lymph nodes, cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues of the head and extremities;

pulmonary system; gastrointestinal system

Dogs: respiratory, especially coughing; dyspnea uncommon

Cats: from contaminated milk: weight loss, chronic diarrhea, and thickened

intestines; from predation: cutaneous nodules, ulcers, and draining tracts

Dogs and cats: pharyngeal and cervical lymphadenopathy; unproductive effort

to vomit, ptyalism; tonsillar abscess; lymph nodes are visible or palpably firm,

fixed, tender; may ulcerate and drain

Cutaneous ulcers, nodules, plaques; yellow foul-smelling discharge

Pyrexia

Depression

Partial anorexia and weight loss

Hypertrophic osteopathy or hypercalcemia may occur

Disseminated disease: body cavity effusion; visceral masses; bone or joint

lesions; dermal and subcutaneous masses and ulcers; lymphadenopathy and/or

abscesses; CNS signs; sudden death

M. avium:failure to regrow hair after clipping in Abyssinian cats.

 Feline leprosy syndrome:
Syndrome 1: initial localized nodules on limbs; progress rapidly, may ulcer-

ate and drain; aggressive clinical course; recurrence after surgical excision;

widespread lesions develop in several weeks; lack of systemic illness