CHAPTER 41 PRE- AND PARANEOPLASTIC SYNDROMES 619
Canine paraneoplastic dermatoses:
Cutaneous (primary nodular) amyloidosis: solitary or grouped, firm, dermal,
or subcutaneous nodules on the pinnae, oral mucosa, digits, legs, and trunk;
cutaneous hemorrhage (Figure 41.3)
Cutaneous mucinosis (secondary):
Excessive dermal accumulation of mucin, often asymptomatic
Rare reports of papular mucinosis seen as puffy, thickened, nonpitting
patches with vesicles or bullae (Figure 41.4)
Multiple collagenous nevi: nodular dermatofibrosis: multiple, firm, well-demarcated nodules varying in size from very small to large on the head, legs, and
ears; may be alopecic and ulcerated in areas of trauma or friction (Figures 41.5–
41.7)
Paraneoplastic pemphigus:Blistering disease affecting the mucosa and mucocutaneous junctions (Fig-
ures 41.8, 41.9)
Systemic signs associated with both neoplasia and cutaneous lesions
(weight loss, lethargy, purulent discharge)
Superficial necrolytic dermatitis:Progressive development of erythema, hyperkeratosis, and exudation at the
margins of the footpads (Figure 41.10)
Crusting, ulcerative, and painful dermatitis
Lesions affect the mucocutaneous junctions of lips, eyes, and anus; develop
at the same time or immediately following footpad lesions (Figure 41.11)
Skin lesions also pronounced in areas of trauma: muzzle, distal limbs,
elbows, footpads
Fissuring and severe crusting of footpads result in pruritus and pain
Hyperpigmentation and lichenification common with chronicity
Secondary bacterial folliculitis andMalasseziadermatitis common
Lesions develop on pressure points, pinnae, and external genitalia
Dermatitis often precedes systemic symptoms by weeks
Systemic signs include lethargy, polyuria, polydipsia (when associated with
diabetes mellitus), anorexia, and weight loss
Poor to grave prognosis. Feline preneoplastic dermatoses:
Actinic keratoses: preauricular regions, as well as pinnal margins, nasal planum,
and eyelid margins; lesions often traumatized, resulting in scabbing
Cutaneous lymphocytosis:Alopecia with or without erythema, scaling, crusting, excoriation (70%)
Erythematous plaques (30%)
Solitary lesions (60%)
Slow, progressive disorder. Feline paraneoplastic dermatoses:
Pancreatic/hepatic paraneoplastic alopecia:
Decrease in appetite followed by rapid 2–5-week history of anorexia, weight
loss, lethargy, and excessive shedding