Small Animal Dermatology, 3rd edition

778 APPENDIX B DRUG FORMULARY

Drug name (trade orother names)

Pharmacology andindications

Adverse effects andprecautions

Dosing information andcomments

Formulations

Dosage (unlessotherwise indicated,dose is the same fordogs and cat)

Gentamicin sulfate(Gentocin)

Aminoglycoside antibiotic.Action is to inhibitbacteria protein synthesisvia binding to 30Sribosome. Bactericidal.Broad spectrum of activityexcept streptococci andanaerobic bacteria.

Nephrotoxicity is the mostdose-limiting toxicity.Ensure that patients haveadequate fluid andelectrolyte balance duringtherapy. Ototoxicity,vestibulotoxicity also arepossible.

Drug

interactions

:Whenused

with anesthetic agents,neuromuscular blockadeis possible. Do not mix invial or syringe with otherantibiotics.

Dosing regimens arebasedonsensitivityoforganisms. Some studieshave suggested thatonce-daily therapy(combining multiple dosesinto a single daily dose) isas efficacious as multipletreatments. Activityagainst some bacteria(e.g.,

Pseudomonas

)is

enhanced whencombined with a

β-lactam

antibiotic. Nephrotoxicityis increased withpersistently high troughconcentrations.

50 and 100 mg/mLsolution forinjection.

Dog: 2–4 mg/kg q8h, or9–14 mg/kg q24h IV, IM,SC.Cat: 3 mg/kg q8h, or5–8 mg/kg q24h IV, IM,SC.

Gold sodiumthiomalate(Myochrysine)

Gold therapy (formechanism, seeAurothioglucose).

See Aurothioglucose.

Clinical studies have notbeen performed inanimals. Efficacy andsafety of this product arenot available for animals.Aurothioglucose generallyis used more often thanMyochrysine.

10, 25 and50 mg/mL injection.

1–5 mg IM on first week,then 2–10 mg IM onsecond week, then1 mg/kg once/week IMmaintenance.

Gold therapy

See Aurothioglucose,Gold sodium thiomalate,or Auranofin.