Small Animal Dermatology, 3rd edition

804 APPENDIX B DRUG FORMULARY

Drug name (trade orother names)

Pharmacology andindications

Adverse effects andprecautions

Dosing information andcomments

Formulations

Dosage (unlessotherwise indicated,dose is the same fordogs and cat)

Phenylbutazone(Butazolidin andgeneric)

NSAID. Inhibitsprostaglandin synthesis.Phenylbutazone is usedprimarily for arthritis andvarious forms ofmusculoskeletal pain andinflammation.

Phenylbutazone isgenerally well tolerated indogs, but there is no datafor cats. Adverse effectsinclude GI toxicity. Do notadminister injectableformulation IM.Phenylbutazone causesbone marrow depressionin people, which also ispossible in dogs.

Doses are based primarilyon manufacturer’srecommendations andclinical experience.

100, 200, 400 mgand1gtablets;200 mg/mLinjection.

Dog: 15–22 mg/kgq8–12h (44 mg/kg/day)po or IV (800 mg/dogmaximum).Cat: 6–8 mg/kg q12h IVor po.

Phenylpropanolamine(PPA) (Proin PPA,Propalin syrup)

Adrenergic agonist. Usedas decongestant, mildbronchodilator, and toincrease tone of urinarysphincter.

Adverse effects areattributed to excessstimulation of adrenergic(α

and

β) receptors. Side

effects: tachycardia,cardiac effects, CNSexcitement, restlessness,and appetite suppression.

Phenylpropanolamine hasbeen removed fromhuman decongestantformulations. Onlyveterinary compoundedformulations are available.

25, 50, 75 mgflavored tablet and25 mg/mLvanilla-flavored oralsolution.

Dog: 1 mg/kg, q12h, po.Increase to 1.5–2.0 mg/kgas needed, q8h po.

Piperacillin (Pipracil)

β-lactam antibiotic of theacylureidopenicillin class.Similar to other penicillins,except with high activityagainst

Pseudomonas

aeruginosa

. Also good

activity againststreptococci.

Same precautions as forother injectable penicillins.

Reconstituted solutionshould be used within 24hours (or 7 days ifrefrigerated). Piperacillin iscombined withtazobactam (

β-lactamase

inhibitor) in Zosyn.

2, 3, 4, 40 g vials forinjection.

40 mg/kg IV or IM q6h.