Tobacco’s

New Leaf

One company’s quest to produce tomorrow’s

drugs in today’s plants.

◆ (^) Explain how an organism uses gene expression to create a phenotype from a
genotype.
◆ (^) Caption a diagram of transcription, identifying each step in the process and the
relevant molecules.
◆ (^) Caption a diagram of translation, identifying each step in the process and the role of
each type of RNA.
◆ (^) Determine the correct amino acid from a given codon.
◆ (^) Justify how the genetic code fits the definitions of “redundant” and “universal.”
◆ (^) Describe how a cell can increase or decrease its expression of particular genes,
and why this ability is important for an organism.
After reading this chapter you should be able to: