• Presence of tactile receptors (receptors of touch),
gustatoreceptors (receptors of taste), photoreceptors
(sensitive to light) and statocysts (balancing organ).
ClassifiCation of annelida
• Annelida are divided into four main classes, primarily on
the basis of the presence or absence of parapodia, setae,
metameres and other morphological features: Polychaeta,
Oligochaeta, Hirudinea and Archiannelida.
Class Polychaeta
• It is the largest class which includes marine worms. Some
are fresh water.
• As their name implies, each body segment bears numerous
setae on a pair of lateral appendages, the parapodia.
• Head distinct with eyes, palps and tentacles.
• Clitellum absent.
• Sexes separate. Gonads temporary and in many segments.
• Development includes trochophore larva.
• Examples: Aphrodite, Nereis, Chaetopterus, Arenicola, etc.
Class oligochaeta
• It includes terrestrial earthworms and some other species
that live in fresh water.
• The members of this class possess few locomotory setae
borne directly by body segments which are devoid of
parapodia.
• Burrowing, crawling, nocturnal and detritivorous in habit.
• Head indistinct and without sensory organs.
• Glandular clitellum present for cocoon formation.
• Hermaphroditic. Testes anterior to ovaries.
• Fertilisation external (in cocoon), development direct without
any larval stage.
• Examples : Pheretima, Tubifex, etc.
Chaetopoda is a super group which includes both Polychaeta
and Oligochaeta. This creation is because of the fact that both
the classes are provided with setae.
Class hirudinea
• It comprises leeches which are perhaps the most specialised
annelids without parapodia and setae but with suckers.
• About 300 species of leeches are known to occur in the
tropical and temperate parts of the globe.
• Most of the leeches are freshwater, while some are marine
or terrestrial.
• Most are ectoparasitic, living on the blood of vertebrates,
while some are predaceous, feeding on worms, snails,
insects, larvae etc.
• Body with fixed number of segments (33). Each segment is
subdivided externally into annuli.
• Coelom much reduced due to its filling by botryoidal tissue
and forms haemocoelomic sinuses.
• Hermaphroditic, with one male and one female gonopore,
but cross fertilisation occurs. Fertilisation internal. Segments
9, 10 and 11 develop a temporary clitellum during breeding
season.
• Development in cocoons, direct without larval stages.
• Examples : Hirudo, Hirudinaria etc.