Upper jaw contains two(^) −
pairs of incisors while lower jaw has one pair of themPinnae are large
(^) −
Diastema occur
(^) −
E.g
(^) −
., Rabbit (
Oryctolagus
),
Hare (
Lepus
)
Lagomorpha
Aquatic mammal
(^) −
Hair occur only in embryo and snout of
(^) −
the adultPectoral limbs modified into broad
(^) −
paddle-like flippersNo claws, no hindlimbs and no external
(^) −
earsSkull bones are spongy and contain oils.
(^) −
The skin does not bear any gland.
(^) −
Blubber is present serving as reserve food
(^) −
and an insulatorE.g
(^) −
., Whale, Dolphin, Porpoise
Large canines, powerful jaws and
(^) −
clawsMammae are abdominal
(^) −
Testes descend into scrotal sac
(^) −
E.g
(^) −
., Lion (
Panthera leo
), Tiger
(Panthera tigris
), Panther (
Panthera
pardus
), Cat (
Felis domestica
), Wolf
(Canis lupus
), Dog (
Canis familiaris
),
Hyaena (
Hyaena
), Jackal (
Canis
aureus
), Fox (
Vulpes bengalensis
),
Mongoose (
Herpestes edwardsi
),
Walrus (
Odobenus
), Seal (
Phoca
)
Carnivora
Odd toed hoofed mammals
(^) −
Herbivorous
(^) −
Canines are reduced
(^) −
True horns are never present
(^) −
E.g
(^) −
., Horse (
Equus
),
African zebra (
(^) −
Equus zebra
),
Tapir (
(^) −
Tapirus
),
Ass (
(^) −
Equus asinus
),
Rhino (
(^) −
Rhinoceros unicornis
)
Perissodactyla
Even toed unguligrade mammals
(^) −
generally with hoovesStomach may or may not be
(^) −
ruminantIncisors and canines in upper
(^) −
jaw usually lackingTrue horns occur in some forms
(^) −
E.g
(^) −
., Hippopotamus, Spotted
deer (
Carvus
), Camel (
Camelus
),
Giraffe (
Giraffa
), Ox (
Bos indicus
),
Buffalo (
Bubalus bubalis),
Sheep (
(^) −
Ovis
), Goat (
Capra
), Pig
(Sus
), Musk deer (
Moschus
)
Artiodactyla
Herbivorous, aquatic mammals
(^) −
with paddle-like forelimbs and no hindlimbsDon’t have external ears
(^) −
Testes are abdominal
(^) −
The males have tusks
(^) −
6 cervical vertebrae
(^) −
E.g
(^) −
., Dugong (
Halicore
), Extinct
Sea-cow
(Rhytina
),
Manatee
(Trichechus
Sirenia )
Nose and upper lip are jointly prolonged
(^) −
to form prehensile proboscisMassive ears
(^) −
Canines and premolars are absent
(^) −
Upper incisors enlarge to form tusks in
(^) −
elephantsTestes are abdominal
(^) −
They are the
(^) −
largest land animals
E.g
(^) −
., Elephant (
Elephas maximus
)
Proboscidea
Highly developed brain
(^) −
Long limbs
(^) −
Large convoluted cerebral
(^) −
hemispheresForwardly directed eyes,
(^) −
binocular visionFirst digit usually opposable–
(^) −
an adaptation for graspingE.g
(^) −
.,
Lemur,
Tarsiers,
Monkey, Apes, Man
Primates
Small, guinea-pig like mammals
(^) −
Snout, ears and legs short
(^) −
Incisors 1/2. No canines. Cheek
(^) −
teeth lophodontClavicles are absent
(^) −
Testes abdominal
(^) −
E.g
(^) −
., Hyrax
Hyracoidea
No incisors or canines
(^) −
Ears long and pointed
(^) −
E.g
(^) −
., Cape anteater
(Orycteropus
)
Tubulidentata
Upper surface is covered
(^) −
with strong horny scalesTongue is long worm-like,
(^) −
protrusible and stickyE.g
(^) −
., Pangolin
(Manis
)
Pholidota
Primitive placental mammals
(^) −
with abdominal testes.Sharp teeth, prolonged snout
(^) −
plantigrade feet with clawsE.g
(^) −
., Mole (
Talpa micura
),
Musk
shrew
(Crocidura
murina
),
Shrew
(Sorex
),
Hedgehog (
Paraechinus)
insectivora
Forelimbs are modified into
(^) −
wings (patagium)Nocturnal, arboreal
(^) −
Have ecoapparatus
(^) −
E.g.,
(^) −
Small bat (
Scot-
ophillus
), Large bat or Flying
fox (
Pteropus
), Vampire bat
(Desmodus
)
Chiroptera
A furry skin fold (patagium)
(^) −
extend from neck to tail used for gliding.E.g
(^) −
., Flying lemur
(Galaeopithecus
)
Dermoptera
Teeth are few or absent
(^) −
Testes are abdominal
(^) −
Tongue is long and protrusible
(^) −
E.g.,
(^) −
Armadillo (
Dasypus
), Sloth
(Bradypus tridoctylus
), Giant
anteater (
Mryrmecophaga
)
Edentata
Cetacea
Sharp chisel like incisors growing
(^) −
throughout lifeDiastema occur
(^) −
Testes abdominal
(^) −
E.g
(^) −
., Rat (
Rattus
), Mouse (
Mus
musculus
), Squirrel (
Funambulus),
Beaver (
Castor
), Porcupine
(Hystrix
Rodentia )
Flow chart :
Classification of Class Mammalia