The Economist April 16th 2022 International 51
On the surface, Russia has had several
lonely weeks at the un. The invasion
struck so egregiously at the organisation’s
foundation—”the principle of the sover
eign equality of all its Members,” as the
charter reads—that nations rallied to sup
port not just the first resolution but a sec
ond criticising Russia for menacing civil
ians. The first passed with the support of
141 of the 193 member states, the second
with that of 140. Last week the un’s mem
bers went beyond mere exhortation by
kicking Russia off the Human Rights
Council. It was only the second time any
country had been ejected (after Libya in
2011) and the first time for a member of the
Security Council. Russia, which had
warned before the vote that even abstain
ing would be seen as an unfriendly act, an
nounced afterwards that it was leaving the
council. “You do not submit your resigna
tion after you are fired,” retorted the Ukrai
nian ambassador, Sergiy Kyslytsya.
But the margin on the vote was far nar
rower: 93 to 24, with 58 abstentions. Sup
port for Ukraine in much of the world is
thin, diplomats caution, as is the patience
of abstainers, which could curdle into op
position. The pattern of abstentions
speaks in part to concerns that sanctions
on Russia are driving up food and energy
prices. A European diplomat summarising
their view says, “Two elephants are fight
ing, and the little guys get hurt.” He contin
ues, “There’s a big attack from many sides
on sanctions being the problem, not the
aggressor in this war. That’s something we
have to push back on constantly, and it’s
coming from everywhere, including the
Indias and Pakistans of the world.”
A related objection is that the West is
obsessing over a European conflict that is
not a true global concern, while downplay
ing or ignoring conflicts and humanrights
abuses elsewhere. To these critics, a self
righteous inconsistency on questions of
international law is a hobgoblin of great
powers. “There’s a good deal of what you
might call geopolitical whataboutism,”
says Richard Gowan of the International
Crisis Group (icg), a thinktank.
In recent years, the reluctance of rich
countries to invest in mitigating climate
change and the slow and uneven distribu
tion of covid19 vaccines had already rein
vigorated the NonAligned Movement, the
organisation of states that professed neu
trality during the cold war. “There’s been
an underlying trend that I’ve observed
around the unin the last couple of years,
which is that a lot of the countries from the
global south have been increasingly coor
dinated in articulating criticisms of the
West,” Mr Gowan says. These countries, he
continues, “have been feeling more a sense
of unity and common purpose than was
the case in much of the postcold war era.”
Particularly across the Middle East, and
in Turkey, the West’s concern for Ukraine’s
sovereignty is seen as selfserving and
hypocritical, partly in light of America’s
war in Iraq and the natoled bombing of
Libya in 2011, which toppled its dictator,
Muammar Qaddafi. The warm European
welcome granted to Ukrainian refugees,
compared to that accorded Syrian refu
gees, prompts eyerolling. These sorts of
concerns are of long standing among Arab
states. What has been surprising is the de
gree to which even American clients have
felt free to act on them.
Some diplomats were stunned when
Iraq’s ambassador to the un abstained
from the resolution condemning the inva
sion, citing his country’s “historical back
ground”, in an apparent jab at the Ameri
can invasion to which he may owe his job.
Even Saudi Arabia and the United Arab
Emirates (uae), despite having only weak
ties to Russia, have assessed more cost
than benefit in standing with the West.
They do not want to antagonise a crucial
partner that has cooperated with opecto
prop up oil prices. Moreover, they see a
chance to send a signal. They want more
help from America dealing with problems
in their backyard, such as the missiles and
drones fired from Yemen and the Iranian
backed militias spreading mayhem from
Beirut to Baghdad. “If you’re not there for
us, we won’t be there for you,” an Arab offi
cial says. In the Middle East, only Israel and
Libya voted to boot Russia off the Human
Rights Council; the abstentions by the Gulf
states were a particular disappointment to
Western diplomats.
Russian propaganda in the region feeds
grievances against the West. Russia’s state
run media, such as the Arabic service of the
network rtor the Turkish edition of Sput
nik, are popular, and its foreign ministry
has a cadre of diplomats who, unlike their
Western counterparts, speak Arabic fluent
ly. “Every time I turn on the television,
there’s a Russian making the case for the
war,” says a Western ambassador in Jordan.
While the big Arabic channels, which have
reporters on the ground in Ukraine, have
not shied away from recounting the war’s
horrors, their coverage is often inter
spersed with proRussian or antiWestern
takes. Last month Sky News Arabia, based
in the uae, ran a segment about how “du
plicitous” Western countries were trying to
“demonise” Mr Putin.
The enemy of my frenemy
With the exception of Russian fellow trav
ellers such as Cuba, Nicaragua and Venezu
ela, Latin American countries supported
the first two unresolutions condemning
Russia for the war. But several, including
Brazil and Mexico, balked at kicking Russia
off the Human Rights Council, and there is
little appetite in the region for joining the
sanctions regime. Signalling indepen
dence from the West is an old game in Latin
America, where some states seek to bal
ance American power in the Western
hemisphere “by laying out the red carpet
for usadversaries”, as Benjamin Gedan of
the Wilson Centre, a thinktank, puts it. In
early February Argentina’s president, Al
berto Fernández, endorsed this strategy
when he sat down for lunch in Moscow
with Mr Putin as Russian forces massed to
invade Ukraine. Referring to the Interna
tional Monetary Fund, Mr Fernandez told
him, “I am determined that Argentina has
to stop being so dependent on the Fund
and the United States, it has to open the
way to other countries, and Russia has a ve
ry important place there.”
Since the invasion, Russia has been at
pains to encourage that attitude. In late
March Sergei Lavrov, the foreign minister,
remarked that certain countries “would
never accept the global village under the
command of the American sheriff”. Citing
Argentina, Brazil and Mexico among oth
Flying Russia’s flag in the Central African Republic