166 AFRICA
the maxillary sinus. On the L, posterior pole of max-
illa is preserved; even if reconstruction is off some-
what, maxilla would have been remarkably short. In
profile, nasoalveolar clivus is straight, moderate in
length, and angles slightly out and down. Clivus is
slightly overhung by the upper part of the lateral nasal
(margin) crest. This crest is crisply defined above, but
becomes blunt and poorly defined as it runs down and
medially to region of the broken anterior nasal spine.
Floor of nasal cavity not sunken. Inner wall of frontal
process slightly concave; lacks turbinal and concha1
crests. Relatively vertical nasomaxillary suture suggests
nasal bones would not have been very projecting. Ap-
pears that palate would have been moderately deep,
with relatively straight side walls and more sloping
anterior plane. On the L, a moderate-size infraorbital
foramen is preserved that lies well below inferior or-
bital margin. Anterior root of zygomatic arch origi-
nates well above alveolar margin, in region of M1. In-
ferior margin of anterior root of zygomatic arch
curves laterally at sharp angle. Anterior aspect of
zygoma faces forward. Alveolar region quite damaged.
Teeth
On the R, P1-Ml, and on the L, Ml-M3 and P2
roots preserved. Crowns of all teeth damaged beyonddescription; clearly, none was very large. On the L, ap-
pears that C root would have been of modest size and
length. RP1 is two rooted, bifurcating somewhat above
neck. As judged from the R, P2 was not fully two
rooted. Buccal roots of all molars well separated.REFERENCES
Day, M. et al. 1980. A new hominid fossil skull (L.H. 18)
from the Ngaloba Beds, Laetoli, northern Tanzania.
Nature 284: 55-56.
Day, M. 1986. Guide to Fossil Man, 4th ed. Chicago,
Chicago University Press.
Holloway, R. 2000. Brain. In: E. Delson et al. (eds), Ency-
clopedia of Human Euolution and Prehistory. New York,
Garland Publishing, pp. 141-149.
Leakey, M. and J. Harris (eds). 1987. Laetoli:A Pliocene Site
in Northern Tanzania. Oxford, Clarendon Press.Repository
National Museum of Tanzania, P. 0. Box 511, Dar es
Salaam, Tanzania.