The Human Fossil Record. Volume 2 Craniodental Morphology of Genus Homo (Africa and Asia)

(Ben Green) #1

208 AFRICA


talonid basin large, trigonid basin longer. Groove on
buccal side delineates mesial pillar. In buccal outline, P1
mesial and distal edges long, of equal length, broadly
divergent. Cristid runs strongly back from mesial point
to close off trigonid lingually; separated from low
swelling by a thin groove. Swelling lies at base of tall,
blade-like protoconid; confluent with cristid that en-
closes talonid basin. P2 shorter m/d than P1, but b/l
wider. P2 protoconid more mesially situated; a low crest
emanates lingually from this cusp and delineates a
small trigonid basin and larger, deeper talonid basin.
Both basins completely enclosed by thick cresting sys-
tems. Ml and 2 somewhat ovally rounded, with some
enamel wrinkbng and distinct trigonid basins. Cusps
essentially nondescript, especially on M2, where pe-
ripherally placed. Ml has a distinct hypoconulid that
lies somewhat buccal to midline; hypoconulid distin-
guished from hypoconid by shallow notch.


OH 23. Fragment of L mandibular corpus with
alveolus of C, root of P1, heavily worn and damaged
P2-M2. Corpus quite thick b/l, tall s/i compared to size
of teeth, but thins markedly down to inferior border.
Apparent broad curve internally across symphysis.
Multiple mental foramina lie under septum between
P2-M1. Internally, shallow submandibular fossa appears
preserved at least as far forward as Ml. C alveolus not
very stout; P1 alveolus large and compressed. P2 seems
to have been m/d short. M1 and 2 were probably
distally rounded teeth that were roundly rectangular
with centrally placed hypo-conulids. Compared to sizes
of crowns, molar roots huge.


OH 25. Part of L posterior parietal fragment,
moderately thick. State of sutures suggests possible
subadult. Parietal may have sloped outward toward its
contact with mastoid region. Preserved squamosal
suture thickly, broadly striated. Parietomastoid suture
deeply, thickly denticulate; lambdoid more finely,
shallowly denticulate.

OH 37. Part of L mandibular corpus, greatly
weathered. Contains crowns of M1 and 2, roots of C,
P2, and 12. Corpus broad m/l, relatively shallow.
Probably quite flat across front, cornering back at C
with not very divergent tooth rows. In profile, fairly
shallow symphysis may have been quite vertical.
Postincisal plane was quite horizontal and not very
long; symphysis below would have curved around quite
smoothly. Bone of corpus bone thickens around level
of M2, where ramus took origin. Fairly large mental

foramen under P2. I2 root large and compressed. C
root fairly large, quite compressed in cross section, and
obliquely oriented in jaw. P2 crown was probably
subsquare. Ml very markedly smaller than M2, with
hypoconulid buccal to midline.

OH 44. Crown of lower L molariform. Slight wear,
very small. Compressed, quite internally placed cusps.
Large, wide trigonid. Slightly cuspulated. Unusual.

OH 51. Partial L mandibular corpus with alveolus
and one root for P1, plus very worn P2 and M1.
Corpus tall s/i, thick b/l; would have curved broadly
around missing symphyseal region. Mental foramen
lies below double-rooted P2, below which inferior
margin distended laterally into thick, sharp,
horizontal ridge ca. 2 cm long. P1 was three rooted.
P2 crown rounded buccally; longer m/d and straighter
lingually. M1 subrectangular; probably had buccally
placed hypoconulid.

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