56 AFRICA
into frontal behind it. Superior margin of medial por-
tion sharply descends medially on each side to demar-
cate sunken glabella. Glabella bears traces of metopic
suture. Corners of L orbit rounded, with orbit slightly
wider m/l than tall s/i. Just lateral to midline, inferior
orbital margin bulges slightly. Superior orbital fissure
extended quite far laterally (as seen on L). Anterior
lacrimal crest short and bounds an anteriorly broad,
shallow lacrimal fossa. Fossa not closed over superi-
orly by converging posterior and anterior lacrimal
crests. Interorbital space very broad; frontal processes
apparently also broad. Nasal bones overhung by glabel-
lar region and flex forward at nasion. Low, horizontal
conchal crest within nasal cavity lies relatively high up
on frontal process. Behind conchal crest, vertical poste-
rior flange of bone roofs lacrimal canal. Maxillary sinus
(on L) confined to area directly below orbit. Roof of
ethmoid sinuses is multifocular. Judging by thickness
of frontal bone at this point, it is very unlikely that the
frontal sinus penetrated at all far superiorly.
Body of zygoma laterally arcing, vertically short,
convex in horizontal and vertical planes. Temporal
line originates from behind distinct, bluntly angular
malar tubercle that peaks well below frontozygomatic
suture; runs up behind zygomatic process of frontal
and arcs up skull to divide into distinct but low supe-
rior and inferior temporal lines. These lines appear to
start descending again above region of auditory mea-
tus. Zygomatic arch was short, laterally flaring, and
bounded a small, subtriangular temporal fossa. No
medial flexure along anterior squamosal suture. In-
fratemporal fossa not delineated. Mastoid region mas-
sively displaced laterally and very forwardly placed
(artificially deformed by occipital flattening?). Deep,
vertical parietal notch located over midline of mastoid
process. Articular fossa moderately deep, bounded an-
teriorly by distinct articular eminence and closed off
medially but not by a tubercle. Ectotympanic tube ap-
parently also incompletely ossified along its anterior
surface (thus, articular fossa was probably not
bounded posteriorly by complete bony wall). Tube ap-
pressed to anterior surface of mastoid process and ap-
parently not ossified laterally much beyond meatal
opening. Oblique, rugose muscle scar on lateral sur-
face of mastoid process separated by tall sulcus from
very low, upwardly arcing supramastoid crest. Very
low suprameatal crest lies anterior to supramastoid;
flows anteriorly into gently laterally expanding poste-
rior root of zygomatic arch that originates just above
anterior margin of auditory meatus. Blunt, rounded,
downwardly pointing mastoid process is missing pos-
terior part; was very bulky in all dimensions. Mastoid
notch was extremely compressed from side to side; re-
gion medial to its midline is missing. Stylomastoid pit
lies just at anteromedial base of styloid process, in line
with mastoid notch. Styloid process apparently lay
medial and slightly anterior to carotid foramen. Vagi-
nal process broken was tall and sheet-like and lay
along midline, extending to lateral margin of short ec-
totympanic tube.
Coronal suture completely obliterated.
Internally, petrosal bears distinct, raised arcuate
eminence and incompletely closed-over subarcuate
fossa. Faint trace of superior petrosal sinus. Internal
acoustic meatus huge. Frontal lobes extended well for-
ward over orbits. Frontal crest strong and sheet-like.
Appears that crista galli was low and not surrounded
anteriorly by cribriform plate.REFERENCESBrauer, G. 1984. A craniological approach to the origin of
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Muste Archkologique, 23 rue Al-Brihi, Rabat Chellah,
Morocco.