The Lotus japonicus Genome

Table 10.1

(continued)

Enzyme name (at gene abbreviation)

At genenumber

Lj release 3.0 genenumber

At/Lj %ID

Lj 2.5 genome clone

Genename

Reference forLjmutants

Glucanotransferase/disproportionatingenzyme (DPE2)

At2g40840

Lj1g4081830.2

71

chr1.CM1911.70.r2.m

LjDPE2

Alpha-glucan phosphorylase, plastidial(PHS1)

At3g29320

Lj2g1079510.1

72

chr2.CM1882.170.r2.a

LjPHS1

Lj0g0360239.1

69

chr6.LjB08M07.90.r2.m

Lj6g2006830.2

45*

chr6.CM0114.510.r2.m

Alpha-glucan phosphorylase, cytosolic(PHS2)

At3g46970

Lj6g2006830.2

47*

chr6.CM0114.510.r2.mchr6.LjB08M07.90.r2.m

Maltose transporter (MEX1/RCP1)

At5g17520

Lj3g3639950.2

64*

chr3.CM0127.650.r2.m

LjMEX1

Plastidic glucose translocator (pGlcT)

At5g16150

Lj0g0342169.1Lj1g3300010Lj0g0342169.2

777661

LjSGA 043891.1LjSGA 062891.1LjSGA 099348.1LjSGA 137187.1.1

LjPGlcT

List of genes coding for proteins involved in the core pathways of sucrose and starch metabolism in

Arabidopsis

and their homologues in

Lotus japonicus

. Genome clones in

L.

japonicus

were identi

fied by performing Blastp with the

Arabidopsis

protein sequences against the Miyakogusa.jp v2.5 and v3.0 (early access) genome databases developed by

the Kasuza DNA Research Institute (

http://www.kazusa.or.jp/lotus/

; Sato et al.

2008

). Unless otherwise indicated (with an asterisk), only hits with a null E-value, and a

percentage identity of sequence around 50 % were retrieved. Where the chromosome number is 0, the position of the sequence on the genome is not yet deter

mined. For

L.

japonicus

genes for which mutants and/or transgenic plants have been generated and characterised, reference is given to the corresponding publication.

Abbreviations At

Arabidopsis thaliana

;Lj Lotus japonicus

; for ADP glucose pyrophosphorylase,

LS

large subunit,

SS

small subunit. Commentary on enzymes not discussed in the text for which

there is no further information in

Lotus

: sucrose phosphate synthase and sucrose phosphate phosphatase are the two committed enzymes of sucrose synthesis in plants (Lunn and

MacRae

2003

); isoamylases 1 and 2 are involved in the synthesis of amylopectin; isoamylase 3 is involved in starch degradation (Delatte et al.

2006

; Streb et al.

2008

); limit

dextrinase catalyses a similar reaction to isoamylase, and in

Arabidopsis,

the enzyme is plastidial, but largely redundant with respect to isoamylases (Delatte et al.

2006

); glucan

water dikinase 2 is extra-plastidal and not required for starch degradation in

Arabidopsis

(Glaring et al.

2007

);

α-amylases are not required for starch degradation in

Arabidopsis

leaves (AMY3 is plastidial and may play a redundant role in starch degradation, whereas AMY1 and AMY2 are not plastidial; Yu et al.

2005

);

β-amylases 5

• 9 are not plastidial

in

Arabidopsis

; BAM7 and BAM8 are nuclear DNA-binding proteins (Fulton et al.

2008

; Reinhold et al.

2011

);

α-glucan phosphorylase 1 (PHS1) is not required for starch

degradation in

Arabidopsis

leaves in normal conditions, but may be important in stress conditions (Zeeman et al.

2004

)

108 C. Vriet et al.