Vertebrate Development Maternal to Zygotic Control (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology)

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proteasomal destruction. Most likely, further studies will identify additional cell
cycle regulators that are regulated in a similar manner.

Acknowledgements We apologise to all colleagues whose work could not be cited because of
space limitations. We thank the members of the Mayer lab for helpful comments on the chapter.
This work was supported by funding from the Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology
(KoRS-CB) and the Collaborative Research Center 969 ‘Chemical and Biological Principles of
Cellular Proteostasis’ of the German Research Foundation (DFG).

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Phosphatases

B55/B‘56/PP1/Fcp1 Emi1

loop

XErp1

synchronousfast asynchronousslow

M

S

M

S

G2 G1

Early embryo Somatic

Spindle assembly

checkpoint

DNA damage

checkpoint

Kinases

Cdk1/Plk1/AurK/CK1

APC/C Gwl/Arpp19

maternal

transcription

zygotic

transcription

Autoamplification

Fig. 3.7 Venn diagram of common and unique regulatory elements of Xenopus early embryonic
and somatic cell cycles

A. Heim et al.

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