Advs Exp. Medicine, Biology - Neuroscience and Respiration (2016) 27: 9–
DOI 10.1007/55842016
#Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017
Published online: 13 August 2016
Ambient PM2.5 Exposure and Mortality
Due to Lung Cancer and Cardiopulmonary
Diseases in Polish CitiesArtur J. Badyda, James Grellier, and Piotr Da ̨browiecki
Abstract
Air pollution, one of ten most important causes of premature mortality
worldwide, remains a major issue also in the EU, with more than 400,
premature deaths due to exposure to PM2.5reported yearly. The issue is
particularly significant in Poland, where there is the highest concentration
of PM2.5among the UE countries. This study focused on the proportion of
mortality due to lung cancer and cardiopulmonary diseases attributable to
PM2.5in eleven biggest Polish cities in the years 2006–2011. The findings
demonstrate that the mean annual concentration of PM2.5varied from 14.
to 52.5μg/m^3. The average population attributable fractions varied from
0.195 to 0.413 in case of lung cancer and from 0.130 to 0.291 for
cardiopulmonary diseases. Such substantial values of this ratio translate
into a considerable number of deaths, which ranged between 9.6 and 22.
cases for lung cancer and 48.6 to 136.6 cases for cardiopulmonary
diseases per 100,000 inhabitants. We conclude that the impact of PM2.
concentration on the incidence of premature deaths is unduly high in
Polish cities.A.J. Badyda (*)
Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Warsaw
University of Technology, 20 Nowowiejska Street,
00-653 Warsaw, Poland
Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of National
Defense, Military Institute of Medicine, 128 Szasero ́w
Street, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland
e-mail:[email protected]
J. Grellier
Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology,
Parc de Recerca Biome`dica de Barcelona, 88 Doctor
Aiguader Street, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial
College, London, UK
P. Da ̨browiecki
Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of National
Defense, Military Institute of Medicine, 128 Szasero ́w
Street, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland
Polish Federation of Asthma, Allergy and COPD Patients’
Associations, 23/102 Łabiszyn ́ska Street, 03-
Warsaw, Poland9