520 i Index
pollen (grains) (Cont.)
Sprengel on source of, 425
Theophrastus on, 242
pollen- parthenogenesis theory, Schleiden’s,
472– 473
pollen tube, 479
Amici on function of, 473
Amici’s discovery of, 471– 472, 475n20
Schleiden’a asexual female parthenogenic,
469 f, 472– 473
stigmas and, 471– 472, 475n20
Pollinarium Exhibit, National Zoo,
Washington, DC, 2– 3, 9n5
pollination, 2
artificial, of date palm trees
in Mesopotamia, 94– 98
by Minoans, 142, 177n15
in Neo- Assyria, 121– 122, 121f, 123f, 124f,
135– 136n79
Theophrastus on, 223– 225
elements of, 2
Goethe on, 455– 457, 461n78
pollen grains in, 269 (see also pollen (grains))
Pollinarium Exhibit on, 2– 3, 9n5
Pollination, Volatilization, and Exudation
(Goethe), 452
in selfers, 36, 37f
self- pollination in, Sprengel on, 425– 426
sex in, bias against, 3– 4
stamens in, 269
stigmas in, 486, 486f, 487f
stigmas in, and self- pollination, 447
pollination, insect
bee in, 363, 420
fig wasp and caprifig in, 214, 216, 223, 352
Koelreuter on, 415, 420
Sprengel on, 424– 426, 429nn40, 46– 47
Pollination, Volatilization, and Exudation
(Goethe), 452
Polwhele, Richard, 411– 412
“The Unsex’d Females,” 412
pomegranate
as sacred tree, 118– 120
seeds of, Demeter and Persephone, 164
in “Sleeping Lady” of Hypogeus, 78, 79f
Pomona (fruit trees), 236
Pontedera, Giulio, Anthologia, 351– 352,
408– 409
poppy plant (Papaver somniferum), in
The Odyssey, 172– 174, 173f
population control, Upper Paleolithic
breastfeeding beyond infancy, 13– 15
herbal, 13
pornography, 401n2
Postgate, J. N., 92
Praeludia Sponsaliorum Plantarum (Linnaeus),
366, 366f
preformationism, 338– 340, 392, 458n19
pregnancy
breastfeeding on, 13– 15
Çatalhüyük depictions of, 56– 57, 58f
copulation and ( see copulation)
Favonius on, 317
in figurines, European Neolithic, 73, 74,
75 f, 77f
flowers to fruit analogy for, 1
Grew on calyx and, 330
hunter- gatherer lifestyles on, 13
Mary’s miraculous, date palm and, 277, 278f
Mettrie on, 383
Miller on, 384
in parietal art, Upper Paleolithic, 23– 24, 24f
Rachel to Jacob on, 9n3
in Ruel’s flower model, 317– 318
Theophrastus on spring budding as, 222
Varro on, 241
in Venus figurines, 18f, 19, 21f, 23– 24, 24f, 25
Wahshiyya’s grafting metaphor on, 299– 300
womb as blossom and, in Medieval art,
325, 326f
premaxillary bone, Goethe on, 442– 443
Pre- Pottery Neolithic A (PPNA), 33– 35, 34f
Pre- Pottery Neolithic B (PPNB), 34
prepubertal sexual activity
Botswana, 15
Trobriand Islands, 15– 16
Primavera (Botticelli), 305, 306f
primordial plant. See Urpflanze, G o et he’s
Principles of Scientific Botany: Botany as an
Inductive Science (Schleiden), 463
pro- embryo, 468, 470f
prophyll, date, 92, 93f, 111
prothallus, 468, 469f, 470f, 478, 479, 481
protocuneiform script, 88, 130– 131n9
Proto- Indo- European (PIE) language, 70, 72
protonema, 466f, 467, 468, 469f, 480