Obstetrics and Gynecology Board Review Pearls of Wisdom
308 Obstetrics and Gynecology Board Review ••• ❍ Which patients undergoing hysterectomy should receive perioperative antibiotic ...
••• CHAPTER 32^ Hysterectomy^309 ❍ If the adnexa are to be left in, where are the next clamps placed? On the tube and utero-ovar ...
310 Obstetrics and Gynecology Board Review ••• ❍ What is an intrafascial TAH, and what are the advantages of this technique? An ...
••• CHAPTER 32^ Hysterectomy^311 ❍ Is the risk of ureteral injury greater with abdominal hysterectomy or vaginal hysterectomy? A ...
312 Obstetrics and Gynecology Board Review ••• ❍ What is the advantage of closing the peritoneum after vaginal hysterectomy? Per ...
••• CHAPTER 32^ Hysterectomy^313 ❍ Why would hysterectomy reduce the risk of ovarian cancer? Several possibilities exist. These ...
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315 EPIDEMIOLOGY ❍ What is the definition of menopause? Cessation of menses for 12 months due to the loss of ovarian activity. ❍ ...
316 Obstetrics and Gynecology Board Review ••• ❍ How much earlier does menopause occur in smokers? About 2 years. ❍ What percent ...
••• CHAPTER 33^ Menopause^317 ❍ Which hormones decline as a result of menopause? Estrogen, androstenedione, and progesterone. ❍ ...
318 Obstetrics and Gynecology Board Review ••• ❍ Although the ovary produces increased testosterone in menopause, why is the tot ...
••• CHAPTER 33^ Menopause^319 ❍ What contributes to cardioprotection in women? Higher HDLs, 10 mg/dL higher than in men, an effe ...
320 Obstetrics and Gynecology Board Review ••• ❍ What effect does estrogen have on body fat distribution? It prevents the tenden ...
••• CHAPTER 33^ Menopause^321 ❍ What is the role of osteoblasts? They deposit the osseous matrix called osteoid (B is for build) ...
322 Obstetrics and Gynecology Board Review ••• ❍ How does estrogen therapy help maintain bone mass? A direct effect on osteoblas ...
••• CHAPTER 33^ Menopause^323 ❍ What percentage of bone is remodeling (forming or resorbing) at any one time? 12. ❍ What percent ...
324 Obstetrics and Gynecology Board Review ••• ❍ Who should have tests for bone mineral density (BMD) (DXA scan)? All women 65 y ...
••• CHAPTER 33^ Menopause^325 ❍ How does age relate to fracture risk and T score? As age increases fracture risk increases at th ...
326 Obstetrics and Gynecology Board Review ••• ❍ What therapies are currently available to treat osteoporosis? Alendronate, rise ...
••• CHAPTER 33^ Menopause^327 ❍ How soon after treatment is started should a repeat DXA be done? 1 to 2 years. The sensitivity o ...
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