238 Obstetrics and Gynecology Board Review •••
❍ What values are considered normal for LDL, HDL, triglycerides, and total cholesterol?
LDL < 100
HDL > 40
Triglycerides < 150
Total cholesterol < 200❍ Who does ACOG recommend screening for intimate partner violence?
All women should be routinely screened for intimate partner violence at office visits. Pregnant women should be
screened in each trimester.
❍ What types of behaviors constitute intimate partner violence?
Intimate partner violence may include behaviors such as assault and coercion that includes physical injury,
psychological abuse, sexual assault, progressive isolation, stalking, deprivation, intimidation, and reproductive coercion.
❍ In addition to physical injuries, how else might a woman experiencing intimate partner violence come to
medical attention?
Women experiencing intimate partner violence may also complain of somatic symptoms such as chronic
headaches, sleep and appetite disturbances, palpitations, chronic pelvic pain, urinary frequency or urgency, irritable
bowel syndrome, sexual dysfunction, abdominal symptoms, and recurrent vaginal infections.
❍ What is ACOG’s recommended screening tool for at-risk drinking?
T-A-C-E, which stands for:
T—Tolerance: How many drinks does it take to make you feel high?
A—Annoyed: Have you felt annoyed by criticism of your drinking?
C—Cut down: Have you ever felt you ought to cut down on your drinking?
E—Eye opener: Have you ever needed a drink in the morning to steady your nerves, or get rid of a hangover?
Yes to two or more of the above questions is considered a positive screen for at risk drinking.
The eye opener question is considered to be the most important of the four questions.
❍ Smoking increases a woman’s risk of which chronic health problems?
Smoking is the most prevalent cause of premature death in the United States, and increases risk of reproductive health
problems, gynecologic and other cancers, vascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and osteoporosis.
❍ What is ACOG’s recommended approach to encouraging patient smoking cessation?
The five As:
(1) Ask about tobacco use.
(2) Advise patients to quit.
(3) Assess willingness to quit.
(4) Assist in quitting, offer medical quitting options, and/or counseling.
(5) Arrange follow-up, ask about smoking cessation at future visits, or by phone.
❍ How many attempts does the average smoker require to quit smoking and remain smoke free for 1 year?
Seven.