480 Obstetrics and Gynecology Board Review •••
❍ True or False: Cyclophosphamide is specific for the M phase.
False. Cyclophosphamide is an alkylating agent, and is non-cell-cycle specific, although it probably works best in
the S phase. M phase-specific agents include the vinca alkaloids
❍ The diagnosis of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) associated with
cyclophosphamide is made by what lab findings?
Hyponatremia with less than maximally dilute urine.
❍ True or False: Adriamycin is primarily excreted by the kidney.
False. Adriamycin is primarily excreted by the liver.
❍ What is the mechanism of action of Etoposide?
It is an inhibitor of topoisomerase II.
❍ True or False: Methotrexate is primarily excreted by the kidney.
True.
❍ What is leucovorin?
Folinic acid. It is used to prevent toxicity by rescuing normal cells from high-dose methotrexate.
❍ True or False: Alopecia is a frequent side effect of vinblastine.
True.
❍ What is the dose-limiting toxicity of 5-fluorouracil?
Stomatitis, often with nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
❍ Actinomycin D is frequently used as a single agent for therapy of what gynecologic malignancy?
Gestational trophoblastic neoplasms.
❍ The most significant side effect associated with bleomycin is?
Pulmonary fibrosis.
❍ What is the mechanism of action of bleomycin?
It induces single-stranded breaks in DNA by interacting with oxygen and a metal ion cofactor.
❍ Interstitial pneumonitis resulting from bleomycin can be measured by what parameter of pulmonary
function testing?
Decreased diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO).
❍ What is the longest phase of the active cell cycle?
G1 may last from 4 to 24 hours.