••• Chapter 60^ Miscarriage, Recurrent Miscarriage, and Pregnancy Termination^603
❍ What is the SAB rate following surgical correction of septate uteri?
It decreases to 15%.
❍ What effect does DES exposure have on patients who are able to conceive?
It may have an increased SAB rate, preterm labor and delivery, as well as an increase in the ectopic pregnancy rate.
❍ What percentage of recurrent aborters have abnormal placentation?
6%. Most are of the circumvallate type.
❍ What percentage of habitual aborters conceive post-myomectomy?
Approximately 50%.
❍ Name three endocrinologic abnormalities associated with SAB?
Thyroid diseases (both hyper and hypo), uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, and hyperprolactinemia.
❍ Name FIVE organisms associated with SAB.
Chlamydia, Toxoplasma gondii, herpes, Listeria, and cytomegalovirus.
❍ Name tests for evaluation of fetal loss caused by antiphospholipid syndrome
Lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibody.
❍ What is the effect of smoking on the abortion rate?
Those who smoke >10 cigarettes daily have a greater chance of SAB. Relative risk 1.2 to 3.4.
❍ What is the risk of abortion in those women who have more than two drinks/day of alcohol?
A twofold greater abortion risk.
❍ Does caffeine influence fertility or SAB rates?
There is little evidence to support a clear detrimental effect of moderate to high amounts of caffeine intake on
fertility or spontaneous miscarriage rates.
❍ What effect will 5 rads have on the abortion rate?
Irradiation of <5 rads will have no effect.
❍ What percentage of intrauterine adhesions are caused by spontaneous and induced abortions?
More than two thirds.
❍ Does high hyperglycemia affect miscarriage rates?
Yes. Studies suggest that achieving euglycemia may lower the miscarriage rate.
❍ What androgens have been associated with miscarriage rates?
Androstenedione and testosterone.