Exercise for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Treatment From Molecular to Clinical, Part 1

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© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2017 287
J. Xiao (ed.), Exercise for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Treatment,
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 999,
DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-4307-9_16


Chapter 16


Experimental Evidences Supporting Training-


Induced Benefits in Spontaneously


Hypertensive Rats


Gustavo S. Masson and Lisete C. Michelini


Abstract It is well known that chronic hypertension is accompanied by several


functional deficits in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues, most of


which are corrected by exercise training. However, the biological mechanisms


underlying these effects are not yet well understood. In the present chapter we sum-


marize recent experimental evidence on cellular/molecular mechanisms supporting


not only the deleterious effects of hypertension on autonomic control and peripheral


circulatory deficits, but also their reversion by low to moderate aerobic exercise


training. Interestingly, both hypertension and aerobic training exert their effects by


acting exactly on the same pathways/mechanisms but in opposed directions.


Keywords Training-induced • Spontaneously hypertensive rats • Exercise


1 Introduction


The development of experimental models of hypertension allowed researchers to


reveal several pathophysiological mechanisms and to discover new therapeutic


strategies. Several pharmacological as well as life style modifications have been


extensively used to overcome many of the deleterious effects caused by the mainte-


nance of elevated pressure levels. Hypertensive animals submitted to aerobic exer-


cise training, an important life style change, developed numerous cardiovascular


G.S. Masson
Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences,
University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil


L.C. Michelini (*)
Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences,
University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil


National Institute for Science & Technology – INCT (In)activity & Exercise, CNPq,
São Paulo, Brazil
e-mail: [email protected]

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