116 Kitojo Wetengere and Aubrey Harris
One of the main reasons for failure of most aquaculture is that new trials were
established without learning from the mistakes of the past trials. To avoid
repeating the mistakes of the past attempts, it was decided to conduct a critical
review as to why the past and the on-going aquaculture trials have or have not
been up scaled. The findings of this study will be used as an input when
establishing of new aquaculture trials. This study is meant to fill that gap.
OBJECTIVE AND METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY
Objective of the Study: The main objective of the study was to conduct a
“critical review and assessment of all aquaculture trials in Tanzania,
objectively concluding why the past aquaculture trials have or have not been
up scaled.”
Study Area: A survey was conducted during a field mission between 30th
March and 3rd April, 2015 along the coastal areas of Zanzibar. The studied
area covered six villages in Unguja and Pemba. The choice of this area was
purposive, because there is a good number farmers operating milkfish farming,
crab fattening and sea cucumber farming.
Survey Design: Qualitative and quantitative designs were used for data
collection during this survey in order to describe the existing perception,
attitude, behaviour or values of individuals within the village communities.
The survey interviewed individual farmers and/or groups of individuals with
experience in aquaculture and organizations like the Zanzibar Chamber of
Commerce and buyers of marine products.
Sample size and study population: Of the total respondents, six farmed sea
cucumber, four farmed milkfish and five dealt with crab fattening. The two
respondents that had been involved with crab fattening had abandoned farming
and the rest were still farming. Having respondents that included those that
had abandoned aquaculture was important in order to get reasons for
abandonment as well as for continuing with the aquaculture activities.
Sources of Information: Quantitative and qualitative information for this
review was obtained from the following sources: responses to checklist
questions concerning aquaculture adoption and practice; field observation
during the mission; responses to a questionnaires administered by the mission
team and various published and unpublished (gray) literature.