Chromogranins from Cell Biology to Physiology and Biomedicine

265

Multidrug antibiotic resistance, 50
Multiple myeloma, 90
Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, 173

N
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive
and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), 203
Natriuretic peptides (NPs), 105
Neuroendocrine tumors, 43–44, 89, 92
Neurohormones, 39
Non-diabetic vitreous (NDV), 52–53
Non small cell lung cancer, 92
Nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB), 173
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)
spectroscopy, 159

O
Olfactory nerve layer (ONL), 220

P
Pancreastatin (PST), 3, 4
action, target tissues of, 232
in adipocyte, energy metabolism and
protein synthesis, 235–236
biological functions, 232
cell proliferation, negative effects on, 234
functional genetic polymorphisms
discovery of, 204
glucose homeostasis, 204–205
Gly297Ser variant, biochemical
parameters, 205
glandular secretions
exocrine pancreatic secretion, 234
gastric secretion, 234
glucose stimulated insulin secretion, 233
PTH, 233
glucose and lipid metabolism, regulation
of, 85
G protein-coupled receptors, 239
GRP78 mediated AKT activation, 240
hepatic glycogen catabolism and insulin-
stimulated glucose uptake, 235
and inflammation signaling, 241
insulin receptor signaling, 239–240
insulin resistance, 232
ligand-affinity experiment, 241
mechanisms of action
in adipocytes, 238
in hepatocytes, 236–238
natural occurring variants and implications,
242–243

neuroendocrine and gastrointestinal

tissues, 230

as stress peptide, 241–242

structure

molecular forms, 231

primary structure, 230–231

synthesis and secretion, 231

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion, 4

Pertussis toxin (PTX), 7, 11

Pheochromocytomas, 43–44

Phorbol myristate acetate ester (PMA), 233

Phosphatidylinositol triphosphate (PIP3)

levels, 178

2 Phosphodiesterases (PDE2), 157

Phospholipase C (PLC), 177, 236

PICK1, 42, 43

Plasmin, 88

Polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) films, 62–63

Prohormone convertases (PCs), 23

Prohormones, 3

Proopiomelanocortin (POMC), 29, 41, 42

Prostate cancer, 44

Prostate tumors, 92

Proteases, 88

Proton pump inhibitors, 89

Pyroglutaminated serpinin (pGlu-serpinin)

anti-apoptotic activity, 225

AtT20 cells, 217–218

cell death, 222–223

CNS, 219–220

granule biogenesis, 220–222

HPLC analysis, 218

R

Rat aortic rings (RAR) angiogenesis assay,

87–88

Rate pressure product (RPP), 116

Reactive nitrogen species (RNS), 173

Reactive oxygen species (ROS), 173

Receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), 31

Renin-angiotensin system (RAS), 101

Reperfusion Injury Salvage Kinase (RISK)

pathway, 177, 179, 180, 184

Reperfusion therapy, 172

RE-1 silencing transcription factor (REST), 27

Rheumatoid arthritis, 89

S

Sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase

(SERCA2a), 123

SCG10, 43

SCLIP, 43

Index