Alien Introgression in Wheat Cytogenetics, Molecular Biology, and Genomics

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addition lines (Miller et al. 1981 ). Later, H. chilense was pollinated with T. durum ,
after which the hybrid was treated with colchicine to develop fertile amphidiploids
with 42 chromosomes (Martín and Sanchez-Monge Laguna 1980 , 1982 ). As this
new amphidiploid exhibited fewer meiotic chromosome pairing anomalies and fer-
tility problems than the primary triticale, it was assumed that, like triticale, it could
be cultivated as a new plant species, and was named tritordeum. Hexaploid

Fig. 12.3 Spike morphology of the Asakaze/Manas disomic addition lines compared with that of
the parental Asakaze (wheat) and Manas (barley) genotypes

Table 12.2 Wheat ( Triticum ) – barley ( Hordeum ) amphidiploids

Wheat genotype Hordeum species Amphidiploid References

Triticum

timopheevii

Hordeum bogdanii 2 n = 42 Kimber and Sallee

( 1976 )

Triticum aestivum Hordeum chilense

(maternal plant)

2 n = 56 designated as

octoploid Tritordeum

Martín and Chapman

( 1977 )

Martin et al. ( 1987 )

Triticum turgidum H. chilense (maternal

plant)

2 n = 42 designated as

hexaploid Tritordeum

Martín and Sanchez-

Monge Laguna ( 1982 )

Martín and Cubero

( 1981 )

T. aestivum H. californicum

(maternal plant)

2 n = 56 Gupta and Fedak

( 1985 )

T. aestivum Hordeum marinum

(maternal plant)

2 n = 56 Islam and Colmer

( 2008 )

T. aestivum Hordeum vulgare – Not reported

M. Molnár-Láng and G. Linc