Alien Introgression in Wheat Cytogenetics, Molecular Biology, and Genomics

23

Table 2.1

The genera of the Triticeae

Subtribe

Genus

Number of species

Ploidy level

Type of polyploidy

Growth habit

Pollination mode Distribution

Number of spikelets on node

Hordeineae

Elymus

L.

~150

2 x

–12

x^

Au-Al

P

C,S

TA,M

G,S

Hystrix Moench

9

4 x

P

C

T A

G

Sitanion Raf.

4

4 x

(?)

P

C

TA

G

Leymus Hochst

~40

4 x

P

C

T A

G

Psathyrostachys Nevski

7

2 x

P

C

T A

G

Hordelymus (Jessen) Harz

1

4 x

Au

P

C

M

G

Hordeum

L.

~40

2 x

–6

x^

Au

P,A

C,S

TA,M

G

Taeniatherum

Nevski

1

2 x

A

S

M

G

Crithopsis

Jaub.&Spach.

1

2 x

A

S

M

G

Trtiticineae

Agropyron

Gaertn.

~15

2 x

–6

x^

Au-Al

P

C

M

S

Eremopyrum

(Ledeb.) Jaub.&Spach.

5

2 x

–4

x^

Al

A

S

M

S

Heteranthelium

Jaub.&Spach.

1

2 x

A

S

M

S

Secale

L.

a 3

2 x

P,A

C

M

S

Dasypyrum

(Coss. & Dur.) Dur.

2

2 x

–4

x^

Au

P,A

C

M

S

Triticum

L.

b 6

2 x

–6

x^

Al

A

S

M

S

Amblyopyrum

(Jaub.&Spach.) Eig

b 1

2 x

A

C

M

S

Aegilops

L.

24

b^

2 x

–6

x^

Al

A

C,S

M

S

Henrardia

C.E. Hubbard

2

2 x

A

S (?)

M

S

Au

autopolyploidy,

Al

allopolyploidy,

P perennials,

A annuals,

C cross pollination,

S self pollination,

TA

temperate- Arctic,

M

mediterranean,

G

spikelets in

group,

S solitary spikelets

a According to Frederiksen and Petersen (

1998

)

b According to van Slageren (

1994

)

2 Origin and Evolution of Wheat and Related Triticeae Species