Genes, Brains, and Human Potential The Science and Ideology of Intelligence

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350 1. PINNING DOWN POTENTIAL


  1. J. Roiser quote on p.  285. A version of the G. Marcus article appears in print on
    June 28, 2015, on page SR12 of the New York edition.

  2. For discussion, see S. J. Schwartz, S. O. Lilienfeld, A. Meca, and K. C. Sauvigné, “Th e
    Role of Neuroscience Within Psy chol ogy: A Call for Inclusiveness over Exclusive-
    ness,” American Psychologist 71 (January 2016): 52–70.

  3. O. James, Not in Your Genes (London: Vermillion, 2016).

  4. R. M. Lerner, “Eliminating Ge ne tic Reductionism from Developmental Science,”
    Research in Human Development 12 (October 2015): 178–188, 185; see also R. M.
    Lerner and J. B. Benson, “Introduction: Embodiment and Epigenesis: A View of the
    Issues,” Advances in Child Development and Be hav ior 44 (2013): 1–20.

  5. PRETEND GENES

  6. C. Burt (1959). “Class Diff erences in Intelligence,” British Journal of Statistical Psy-
    chol ogy 12 (May1959): 15–33.

  7. R. A. Fisher, “On the Correlation Between Relatives on the Supposition of Mendelian
    Inheritance,” Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 52 (1918): 399–433, 433.

  8. R. A. Fisher, “Limits to Intensive Production in Animals,” Journal of Heredity 4 (Sep-
    tember 1951): 217–218. For critical analy sis of the diffi culties, see J. Tabery, Beyond
    Versus: Th e Strug gle to Understand the Interaction of Nature and Nurture (Ca m-
    bridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2014).

  9. L. J. Kamin, Th e Science and Politics of IQ (New York: Erlbaum, 1974). See also
    S. Rose, R. Lewontin, and L. J. Kamin, Not in Our Genes: Biology, Ideology and Human
    Nature (New York: Random House, 1985).

  10. C. Burt and M. Howard, “Th e Multifactorial Th eory of Inheritance and Its Applica-
    tion to Intelligence,” British Journal of Statistical Psy chol ogy 8 (November 1956):
    95–131.

  11. R. Rust and S. Golombok, Modern Psychometrics: Th e Science of Psychological
    Assessment, 3rd ed. (New York: Routledge, 2014).

  12. G. Buzsáki and K. Mizuseki, “Th e Log- Dynamic Brain: How Skewed Distributions
    Aff ect Network Operations,” Nature Reviews Neuroscience 15 (August 2014): 264–
    278, 264.

  13. J. Daw, G. Guo, and K. M. Harris, “Nurture Net of Nature: Re- evaluating the Role
    of Shared Environments in Academic Achievement and Verbal Intelligence,” Social
    Science Research 52 (July 2015): 422–439, 422.

  14. O. Zuk, E. Hechterra, S. R. Sunyaeva, and E. S. Landerr, “Th e Mystery of Missing
    Heritability: Ge ne tic Interactions Create Phantom Heritability,” Proceedings of the
    National Acad emy of Sciences, USA 109 (January 2012): 1193–1198, 1193.

  15. S. Wright, “Gene Interaction,” in Methodology in Mammalian Ge ne tics, ed. W. J.
    Burdette (San Francisco: Holden- Day, 1956), 159–92, 189; H. Shao, L. C. Burragea,
    D. S. Sinasaca, A. E. Hilla, S. R. Ernesta, et  al., “Ge ne tic Architecture of Complex


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