model identification, 66
Monitoring, biomass, 55, 58
carbon dioxide, 57
ex situ, 58
FIA, 59
in situ, 54
inferential measuring, 70
measuring dynamics compensation, 74
model based, 75
oxygen, 57
pH, 56
pressure, 56
software sensors, 75
Multiple steady states, 90
Nanofiltration, 142, 159
Nernst layer, 89
Non-conventional external-loop airlift for nematodes, 470
Non-filamentous bacteria, 30
Operation and applications of flocculation bioreactors, 379
Optical resolutions, 151, 161, 162
Organic phase, 117, 118, 119, 127
Organic media, 183
Organic solvent, 191, 332, 344
Overall model for biofilm transient development, 298
Particle imaging velocimetry, 39
Particle streak velocimetry, 39
Particle tracking velocimetry, 39
Partitioning effects, 87, 88, 89, 97
Permeate
flux, 141, 151
stream, 140, 142, 149, 150, 152
Permeation, 140, 141, 142, 144, 145, 150, 151
PFR, see plug flow reactor
Plant cell bioreactors
aeration, 412
operating strategy, 418
configuration and operation mode, 415
design and operation, 409
energy dissipation levels, 406
foaming and wall growth, 414
mixing and mass transfer, 409
system geometry, 405
Plant cell suspension cultures, 391
broth rheology, 398
cell-cell contact, 397
commercial processes, 393–395
critical shear stress, 407
fresh weight/dry weight, 400
Index 530